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Introduction: This work relates with the application of zebrafish - Danio rerio - to the study of radiobiological effects of low doses of ionizing radiation. In recent years, the use of zebrafish has grown considerably, pointing more and more as a very interesting model in biomedical research, essentially because of the level of homology shared with the human genome, complemented by an easy and reasonably affordable practical side. The two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE) is a method used for the analysis of complex protein mixtures from biological samples. This method allows the detection of differences in protein expression under different conditions, so allowing creating relations between those differences and the irradiations that were in their basis. The present work aimed at evaluating proteome changes in the zebrafish muscle caused by low doses of X-rays exposure.