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Abstract(s)
A avaliação qualidade de voz de um cantor ou de um estudante de canto, está normalmente associada a fenómenos de percepção e à interpretação de um som pelo orientador ou professor. Estes fenómenos de natureza auditiva são frequentemente subjectivos e dependentes da interpretação de cada orientador. Embora existam certos parâmetros de avaliação e classificação de cada tipo de voz relativamente consensuais, estes são de natureza subjectiva e por vezes difíceis de explicar. Uma das grandes batalhas dos orientadores/professores de canto é de facto, saber interpretar e descodificar os vícios e o porquê das dificuldades de cada cantor, com base única e exclusivamente na sua audição.
A tecnologia carece, até ao momento, de qualquer dispositivo ou software capaz de interpretar e comprovar o que distingue uma voz com maior ou menor qualidade.
Esta dissertação, insere-se num projecto apoiado pela Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, que visa a elaboração de um apoio ao ensino do canto, tanto num contexto de aula como fora desta.
Nesta dissertação foram estudados vários parâmetros percetivos normalmente utilizados no contexto de uma aula de Canto, mas desconhecidos ou difíceis de interpretar para o público leigo e muitas vezes pelos próprios estudantes quando estes se encontram numa fase inicial da sua aprendizagem. Seguidamente, foram efectuados diversos testes baseados na área da engenharia de processamento de sinal onde as gravações efectuadas foram analisadas e delas retiradas características acústicas representativas cuja correspondência se pretende estabelecer com parâmetros percetivos.
O objectivo deste trabalho de investigação é então identificar, caracterizar e definir, da forma mais objetiva possível, os atributos musicais/estilísticos/expressivos mais importantes da voz cantada, em correspondência com parâmetros perceptivos (e.g., altura, brilho, etc.) e estabelecer uma conexão entre esses parâmetros e características acústicas objetivas obtidas na análise das gravações.
Este projecto de investigação será articulado com investigação na área da engenharia de processamento de sinal visando apurar características acústicas da voz que correlacionam e comprovam os parâmetros perceptivos seleccionados através da existência de tais fenómenos acústicos ou não.
The quality measurement of a singer’s voice is normally associated with perceptual phenomenon and sound interpretation by the singing teacher. Although there are there are certain parameters of evaluation and classification of each type of voice, these auditory perceptual parameters are frequently subjective and sometimes with a difficult explanation. One of the great challenges to singing teachers is to know how to decode and how to solve the student’s difficulties and vocal limitations only with the audition and recognition of these perceptual attributes. Technology, as we know it, lacks of any software device in order to interpret or to prove what distinguishes a voice with less or better quality. This dissertation is part of a project supported by “Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia” with the objective to develop several tools for teaching and learning singing in the class or in home. Is not the objective of this investigation to limit or to suppress an orientation by the singing teacher although to create and develop some tools to complete and support the orientation. In this dissertation, several perceptual parameters that are used in the context of a singing class were studied and clarified as well as possible. After that, several engineering tests based on the signal recognition and processing where the recordings were analyzed. One of the tasks of this work is then to identify and to define as objective as possible, the musical/expressive attributes of the singing voice in correspondence with perceptual parameters (ex. Brightness, highness, etc.) and establish a connection between these parameters and the results obtained by the analysis of the recording samples. This investigation project is articulated with investigation on electrical engineering of sign processing in order to order to determine the acoustic characteristics of the voice that correlate and confirm the perceptive parameters selected by the existence of such acoustic phenomena or not.
The quality measurement of a singer’s voice is normally associated with perceptual phenomenon and sound interpretation by the singing teacher. Although there are there are certain parameters of evaluation and classification of each type of voice, these auditory perceptual parameters are frequently subjective and sometimes with a difficult explanation. One of the great challenges to singing teachers is to know how to decode and how to solve the student’s difficulties and vocal limitations only with the audition and recognition of these perceptual attributes. Technology, as we know it, lacks of any software device in order to interpret or to prove what distinguishes a voice with less or better quality. This dissertation is part of a project supported by “Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia” with the objective to develop several tools for teaching and learning singing in the class or in home. Is not the objective of this investigation to limit or to suppress an orientation by the singing teacher although to create and develop some tools to complete and support the orientation. In this dissertation, several perceptual parameters that are used in the context of a singing class were studied and clarified as well as possible. After that, several engineering tests based on the signal recognition and processing where the recordings were analyzed. One of the tasks of this work is then to identify and to define as objective as possible, the musical/expressive attributes of the singing voice in correspondence with perceptual parameters (ex. Brightness, highness, etc.) and establish a connection between these parameters and the results obtained by the analysis of the recording samples. This investigation project is articulated with investigation on electrical engineering of sign processing in order to order to determine the acoustic characteristics of the voice that correlate and confirm the perceptive parameters selected by the existence of such acoustic phenomena or not.