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Fact-checking no Facebook: análise comparativa Portugal-Espanha
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A presente dissertação analisa o envolvimento do público com as publicações de verificadores de factos em Portugal e Espanha, procurando compreender as dinâmicas de engagement, os temas e os formatos que suscitam maior interação por parte das audiências. O estudo tem como objetivos principais avaliar o nível de envolvimento do público com os conteúdos de fact-checking, identificar os temas e enquadramentos que geram mais reações, comparar as diferenças entre o contexto português e espanhol, e propor estratégias de comunicação que possam otimizar a relação entre verificadores de factos e utilizadores. A metodologia adotada foi um estudo transversal, assente numa abordagem mista de tipologia embutida. A análise quantitativa das publicações mais envolventes no Facebook serviu de ponto de partida, complementada por uma análise qualitativa do conteúdo, permitindo uma leitura mais aprofundada dos temas, narrativas e estratégias comunicativas dos fact-checkers. Os resultados revelam diferenças significativas nas dinâmicas de engagement entre Portugal e Espanha, verificando-se que os temas com maior carga emotiva tendem a gerar maior interação por parte das audiências. Identificaram-se ainda padrões distintos de resposta entre os utilizadores de cada país, influenciados tanto pelo contexto mediático como pelas estratégias adotadas pelos verificadores. Conclui-se que o estudo contribui para uma compreensão mais ampla do papel do fact-checking no espaço ibérico, evidenciando a importância da adaptação das estratégias de comunicação às especificidades de cada contexto. São apresentadas propostas para otimizar a atuação dos verificadores de factos, de forma a reforçar a eficácia das suas mensagens e a combater de modo mais eficaz a desinformação.
This dissertation analyses public engagement with fact-checkers’ publications in Portugal and Spain, aiming to understand the dynamics of interaction, as well as the themes and formats that trigger higher audience involvement. The main goals are to assess public engagement with fact-checking content, identify the most engaging themes and frames, compare the dynamics between the Portuguese and Spanish contexts, and propose communication strategies to enhance the effectiveness of fact-checkers’ work. The methodology adopted was a cross-sectional study, following a mixed embedded design. A quantitative analysis of the most engaging Facebook posts served as the starting point, complemented by a qualitative content analysis, which provided a deeper understanding of the topics, narratives, and communication strategies adopted by fact-checkers. The findings show significant differences in engagement dynamics between Portugal and Spain, with emotionally charged themes generating the highest levels of audience interaction. Distinct patterns of audience response were identified in each country, shaped by both the media environment and the fact-checkers’ communicative approaches. This study contributes to a broader understanding of the role of fact-checking in the Iberian context, highlighting the importance of adapting communication strategies to specific national realities. The dissertation also presents recommendations to improve fact-checkers’ practices, reinforcing the impact of their messages and strengthening the fight against disinformation.
This dissertation analyses public engagement with fact-checkers’ publications in Portugal and Spain, aiming to understand the dynamics of interaction, as well as the themes and formats that trigger higher audience involvement. The main goals are to assess public engagement with fact-checking content, identify the most engaging themes and frames, compare the dynamics between the Portuguese and Spanish contexts, and propose communication strategies to enhance the effectiveness of fact-checkers’ work. The methodology adopted was a cross-sectional study, following a mixed embedded design. A quantitative analysis of the most engaging Facebook posts served as the starting point, complemented by a qualitative content analysis, which provided a deeper understanding of the topics, narratives, and communication strategies adopted by fact-checkers. The findings show significant differences in engagement dynamics between Portugal and Spain, with emotionally charged themes generating the highest levels of audience interaction. Distinct patterns of audience response were identified in each country, shaped by both the media environment and the fact-checkers’ communicative approaches. This study contributes to a broader understanding of the role of fact-checking in the Iberian context, highlighting the importance of adapting communication strategies to specific national realities. The dissertation also presents recommendations to improve fact-checkers’ practices, reinforcing the impact of their messages and strengthening the fight against disinformation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fact-checking Desinformação Engagement Comunicação digital Portugal Espanha Fact-checking Disinformation Engagement Digital communication Spain