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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in Portuguese educational settings: a comparison between preschools and elementary schools

2017Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorSlezakova, Klara
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Marta
dc.contributor.authorMadureira, Joana
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Eduardo de Oliveira
dc.contributor.authorDelerue-Matos, Cristina
dc.contributor.authorMorais, Simone
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Maria do Carmo
dc.date.accessioned2019-06-06T14:39:11Z
dc.date.available2019-06-06T14:39:11Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractThe aim of this study was to determine levels and risks due to inhalation exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in different educational settings, namely for 3- to 5- year-old and 6- to 10-year-old children. Eighteen PAH (16 priority designated by US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene and benzo[j]fluoranthene) were simultaneously collected in indoor and outdoor air at two Portuguese preschools (PS1-PS2) and five elementary schools (ES1-ES5) from March to May 2014. Indoor concentrations at PS and ES were significantly different, with total levels (∑PAHs) 0.721-15.9 ng/m3 at PS1-PS2 and 5.03-23.6 ng/m3 at ES1-ES5. The corresponding outdoor concentrations were, respectively, 1.22-32.7 ng/m3 and 2.6-31.5 ng/m3. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with 2-3 aromatic rings were predominantly emitted by indoor sources, while compounds with 4-6 aromatic rings were mainly generated by infiltration of ambient PAH pollution to indoors. Excess lifetime risks of lung cancer exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) designated guideline of 10-5 in both types of schools (15-42-fold at PS; 15-52-fold at ES). However, total (sum of indoor and outdoor exposure) incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCR) were below the USEPA level of 10-6 at all studied institutions and thus considered negligible. Finally, ILCR due to indoor exposure represented 60-75% and 70-85% of the total ILCR at PS and ES, respectively, thus indicating the need for development and implementation of indoor air quality guidelines in educations settings.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/15287394.2017.1286931pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1528-7394
dc.identifier.issn1087-2620
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/13890
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherTaylor & Francispt_PT
dc.relationPOCI-01-0145-FEDER-007265pt_PT
dc.relationPOCI-01-0145-FEDER-006939pt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15287394.2017.1286931pt_PT
dc.subjectIndoor Air Pollutionpt_PT
dc.subjectChildpt_PT
dc.subjectChild, Preschoolpt_PT
dc.subjectHumanspt_PT
dc.subjectInhalation Exposurept_PT
dc.subjectPolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbonspt_PT
dc.subjectPortugalpt_PT
dc.subjectRisk Assessmentpt_PT
dc.subjectSchoolspt_PT
dc.titlePolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in Portuguese educational settings: a comparison between preschools and elementary schoolspt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/5876/UID%2FQUI%2F50006%2F2013/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/COMPETE/PTDC%2FDTP-SAP%2F1522%2F2012/PT
oaire.citation.endPage640pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue13-15pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage630pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issuespt_PT
oaire.citation.volume80pt_PT
oaire.fundingStream5876
oaire.fundingStreamCOMPETE
person.familyNameSlezakova
person.familyNameMarques de Oliveira
person.familyNameDelerue-Matos
person.familyNameMorais
person.familyNamePereira
person.givenNameKlara
person.givenNameMarta Madalena
person.givenNameCristina
person.givenNameSimone
person.givenNameMaria do Carmo
person.identifier1921769
person.identifierE-1761-2011
person.identifier1598822
person.identifier.ciencia-idD419-0115-8329
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person.identifier.ciencia-idB111-BBFB-F200
person.identifier.ciencia-id8A17-584D-9C38
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5265-4186
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4150-0151
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3924-776X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6433-5801
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8505-3432
person.identifier.ridK-8178-2013
person.identifier.ridD-4990-2013
person.identifier.ridS-6624-2016
person.identifier.scopus-author-id16403150200
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57202841330
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6603741848
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7007053747
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57190742359
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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