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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O crescimento do setor do turismo tem sido verificado a nível mundial,
inclusivamente em Portugal. Este crescimento tem impactes significativos nos destinos
turísticos, como é o caso das Cidades do Porto e Vila Nova de Gaia. Por conseguinte, a
questão da sustentabilidade é um tema muito atual e que tem recebido especial atenção
nos últimos anos. Tendo em conta os problemas que o crescimento descontrolado do
turismo tem originado, em determinados destinos turísticos, como Barcelona, por
exemplo, é evidente que o planeamento estratégico e o desenvolvimento sustentável são
fundamentais para o sucesso de qualquer destino turístico. O resultado da atividade
turística tem um impacte direto na vida dos residentes dos destinos turísticos, no entanto
a maximização dos benefícios económicos e a atração de investimento continua a surgir
como destaque em grande parte dos destinos. Apesar da evidência em diversas
investigações sobre o papel fundamental dos residentes no sucesso dos destinos
turísticos, a sua perspetiva continua a surgir em segundo plano, algo que deve ser
reconsiderado por parte dos gestores dos destinos turísticos.
Objetivo – A presente investigação incide sobre as características dos residentes
dos concelhos do Porto e de Vila Nova de Gaia, bem como a sua perceção sobre os
impactes turísticos a nível económico, sociocultural e ambiental. Paral tal, foi definido
um objetivo geral que é: compreender as perceções dos residentes relativamente aos
impactes da atividade turística no concelho do Porto e de Vila Nova de Gaia.
Metodologia – De forma a dar resposta ao objetivo geral proposto, foi aplicada
uma metodologia quantitativa, com recurso ao inquérito por questionário. Este inquérito
foi aplicado a 814 residentes, 353 correspondentes ao concelho do Porto e 457 ao
município de Vila Nova de Gaia. Os dados obtidos foram analisados com recurso ao
programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 25, possibilitando os
testes das hipóteses de investigação previamente definidas.
Resultados – Esta investigação pretende salientar a importância do
desenvolvimento sustentável, colocando os residentes dos destinos no centro do plano.
Torna-se fundamental compreender as perceções e atitudes dos residentes em relação
ao setor do turismo, pois sem o apoio dos residentes o sucesso do destino e a
sustentabilidade não são possíveis a longo prazo. Através da análise da perceção dos
residentes sobre os impactes da atividade turística na região, é possível identificar os fatores a melhorar de modo a influenciar a perspetiva dos residentes sobre o turismo e
impulsionar a sua intenção de apoiar o desenvolvimento do setor.
Limitações e Implicações – No processo de recolha de dados surgiram limitações
que se prendem com a área geográfica escolhida para a aplicação dos questionários,
nomeadamente o número elevado de freguesias constituintes de cada concelho. Este
fator resultou numa disparidade no número de respostas entre freguesias. O facto de a
investigação se realizar durante uma pandemia, pode ter influência nas perceções dos
residentes sobre os impactes da atividade turística, o que neste caso poderá resultar
numa sobrevalorização dos impactes positivos.
Originalidade/valor – Esta investigação tem como foco a perceção dos residentes
do Porto e de Vila Nova de Gaia relativamente aos impactes turísticos na região. A
abordagem utilizada para avaliar esta perceção tem como base o conceito de
sustentabilidade. O contexto pandémico atual levou à exposição das fragilidades do
turismo moderno, e, por conseguinte, a perceção dos residentes relativamente ao
turismo poderá ter sido influenciada. Fator que por si só deverá ser objeto de análise por
parte dos responsáveis do turismo na região.
The growth of the tourism sector has been verified worldwide, including in Portugal. This growth has significant impacts on tourism destinations, as is the case of Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia, therefore, the issue of sustainability is a very current issue and has received special attention in recent years. Considering the problems that the uncontrolled growth of tourism has caused in certain tourism destinations, such as Barcelona, for example, strategic planning and sustainable development are determinant for the success of any destination. The result of tourism activity has a direct impact on the lives of residents of tourism destinations, however the maximization of economic benefits and the attraction of investment continues to emerge as a highlight in most destinations. Despite the evidence in several research about the role of residents in the success of tourism destinations, their perspective continues to appear in the background, something that should be reconsidered by destination managers, particularly DMOs. Objective – This research focuses on the characteristics of residents of the cities of Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia, as well as their perception of the impacts of tourism at an economic, sociocultural, and environmental level. To do so, a general objective was defined, which is: to understand the perceptions of residents regarding the impacts of tourism in the cities of Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia. Methodology – In order to respond to the general objective proposed, a quantitative methodology was applied, using a questionnaire survey. This survey was applied to 814 residents, 353 of which correspond to the city of Porto and 457 to the city of Vila Nova de Gaia. The data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25, enabling the testing of previously defined research hypotheses. Results – This research aims to highlight the importance of sustainable development, placing destination residents at the center of the plan. It is essential to understand the perceptions and attitudes of residents towards the tourism sector, as without the support of residents, the destination's success and sustainability are not possible to achieve in the long term. By analyzing the residents' perception of the impacts of tourism activity in the region, it is possible to identify the factors to be improved to influence the residents' perspective on tourism and boost their intention to support the sector's development. Limitations and Implications – In the data collection process, limitations arose related to the geographic area chosen for the application of the questionnaires, namely the high number of councils in each city. This factor resulted in a disparity in the number of responses between councils. The fact that the research was carried out during a pandemic may influence residents' perceptions of the impacts of tourism, which in this case could result in an overvaluation of the positive impacts. Originality/value – This research focuses on the perception of residents of Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia regarding the impacts of tourism in the region. The approach used to assess this perception is based on the concept of sustainability. The current pandemic context has led to the exposure of the weaknesses of modern tourism, and therefore, residents' perception of tourism may have been influenced. A factor that should be an object of analysis by those responsible for tourism management in the region.
The growth of the tourism sector has been verified worldwide, including in Portugal. This growth has significant impacts on tourism destinations, as is the case of Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia, therefore, the issue of sustainability is a very current issue and has received special attention in recent years. Considering the problems that the uncontrolled growth of tourism has caused in certain tourism destinations, such as Barcelona, for example, strategic planning and sustainable development are determinant for the success of any destination. The result of tourism activity has a direct impact on the lives of residents of tourism destinations, however the maximization of economic benefits and the attraction of investment continues to emerge as a highlight in most destinations. Despite the evidence in several research about the role of residents in the success of tourism destinations, their perspective continues to appear in the background, something that should be reconsidered by destination managers, particularly DMOs. Objective – This research focuses on the characteristics of residents of the cities of Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia, as well as their perception of the impacts of tourism at an economic, sociocultural, and environmental level. To do so, a general objective was defined, which is: to understand the perceptions of residents regarding the impacts of tourism in the cities of Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia. Methodology – In order to respond to the general objective proposed, a quantitative methodology was applied, using a questionnaire survey. This survey was applied to 814 residents, 353 of which correspond to the city of Porto and 457 to the city of Vila Nova de Gaia. The data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25, enabling the testing of previously defined research hypotheses. Results – This research aims to highlight the importance of sustainable development, placing destination residents at the center of the plan. It is essential to understand the perceptions and attitudes of residents towards the tourism sector, as without the support of residents, the destination's success and sustainability are not possible to achieve in the long term. By analyzing the residents' perception of the impacts of tourism activity in the region, it is possible to identify the factors to be improved to influence the residents' perspective on tourism and boost their intention to support the sector's development. Limitations and Implications – In the data collection process, limitations arose related to the geographic area chosen for the application of the questionnaires, namely the high number of councils in each city. This factor resulted in a disparity in the number of responses between councils. The fact that the research was carried out during a pandemic may influence residents' perceptions of the impacts of tourism, which in this case could result in an overvaluation of the positive impacts. Originality/value – This research focuses on the perception of residents of Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia regarding the impacts of tourism in the region. The approach used to assess this perception is based on the concept of sustainability. The current pandemic context has led to the exposure of the weaknesses of modern tourism, and therefore, residents' perception of tourism may have been influenced. A factor that should be an object of analysis by those responsible for tourism management in the region.
Description
Dissertação de mestrado
Keywords
Turismo sustentável Sustentabilidade Residentes Porto Vila Nova de Gaia Sustainable tourism Sustainability Residents Porto Vila Nova de Gaia