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Influence of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Diethylphosphate Ionic Liquid on the Performance of Eu- and Gd-Doped Diamond-like Carbon Coatings
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A composite lubricating system that combines solid and liquid lubrication can create a
synergistic effect by leveraging the strengths of both types of lubricants. Solid lubrication coatings
possess advantageous load-bearing abilities and exhibit low volatility. By adopting this approach,
the system retains the merits of solid lubrication while simultaneously harnessing the advantages
of liquid lubrication. The unique properties of diamond-like carbon coatings (DLCs) offer the
potential to create binding locations for lubricant additives by introducing dopant elements that
have a high affinity with additives. In the present work, the combined use of europium-doped
diamond-like carbon (Eu-doped DLC) with varying atomic concentrations of the dopant element
(1.7 at. % and 2.4 at. %) and gadolinium-doped diamond-like carbon (Gd-doped DLC) with different
atomic concentrations of the dopant element (1.7 at. % and 2.3 at. %) was studied alongside a pure
DLC coating and the incorporation of an ionic liquid (IL) additive in a tribological block-on-ring
system. The focus was on the 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethylphosphate ionic liquid with a
concentration of 1 wt. % in polyalphaolefin (PAO) 8. Among the investigated pairs, the coefficient
of friction (CoF) of 1.7 at. % Eu-doped DLC coupled with the IL was the smallest in boundary,
mixed, and elastohydrodynamic lubrication regimes. Quantification of wear was challenging due
to minimal and localized wear on the DLC coating surfaces. The decrease in friction within the
boundary lubrication regime underscores the promise of mechanical systems that integrate 1.7 atomic
percent Europium-doped diamond-like carbon coatings with ionic liquids (IL). This study presents a
compelling avenue for future scholarly exploration and research efforts focused on reducing friction
and improving the efficiency of moving components, particularly in situations where tribological
properties exert a substantial influence
Description
Keywords
Lubricant additives DLC Lubrication regime Tribology Thin film
Citation
Sadeghi, M.; Omiya, T.; Fernandes, F.; Vilhena, L.; Ramalho, A.; Ferreira, F. Influence of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Diethylphosphate Ionic Liquid on the Performance of Eu- and Gd-Doped Diamond-like Carbon Coatings. Lubricants 2024, 12, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12010018
Publisher
MDPI