A carregar...
Publicação
A cadeia de abastecimento humanitária em situações de desastre
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.98 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
As cadeias de abastecimento humanitárias constituem sistemas logísticos cruciais em situações de desastre. Estas operam sob condições de imprevisibilidade, escassez de recursos, danos infraestruturais e elevada exigência quanto aos tempos de resposta, obrigando todos os intervenientes a partilharem informação e cooperarem entre si para obterem uma intervenção eficaz e eficiente. As operações desenvolvidas por estas cadeias de abastecimento articulam processos de planeamento, procurement, armazenamento, transporte, distribuição e gestão de informação no decorrer do ciclo operativo humanitário – mitigação, preparação, resposta e recuperação. Neste contexto, a logística assume-se como elemento estruturante para garantir a continuidade do fluxo de bens essenciais, minimizar disrupções e assegurar a eficiência das operações no terreno.
A análise de 26 456 desastres registados na EM-DAT entre 1920 e 2025 evidencia os efeitos destes acontecimentos na dimensão humana e material, expressa em mortos, feridos, desalojados, afetados e danos económicos. A magnitude destas consequências demonstra que, sempre que a cadeia de abastecimento falha seja por atrasos, incapacidade ou rutura, aumentam os níveis de mortalidade, de desalojamento prolongado e de agravamento das condições de sobrevivência. Assim, a capacidade logística determina a rapidez da assistência, a continuidade do abastecimento e a mitigação de impactos.
O estudo dos sismos do dia 6 de fevereiro de 2023, que atingiram a Turquia e a Síria, permitiu compreender a importância e o desenrolar das ações das quatro fases do ciclo operativo da cadeia de abastecimento humanitária. Tornando clara a urgência de uma situação de emergência e a elevada exigência logística esperada.
Assim, concluiu-se que os intervenientes, os procedimentos e as operações desta cadeia de abastecimento são a garantia da sobrevivência e subsistência dos afetados por desastres. E que quanto maior for a capacidade de atuação, mais eficiente e eficaz serão as intervenções, e menor será o sofrimento e impacto sentidos pelos indivíduos e comunidades afetadas.
Humanitarian supply chains are critical logistical systems in disaster contexts. They operate under conditions of unpredictability, resource scarcity, infrastructural disruption and strict response time constraints, requiring all actors to share information and cooperate to ensure an effective intervention. Their operations integrate processes of planning, procurement, storage, transportation, distribution and information management throughout the humanitarian supply chain cycle – mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. In this context, logistics constitutes a structural element to ensure the continuity of essential goods, minimize disruptions and guarantee operational efficiency in the field. The analysis of 26,456 disasters recorded in the EM-DAT database between 1920 and 2025 demonstrates their human and material consequences, expressed in fatalities, injuries, displaced persons, affected populations and economic losses. The magnitude of these impacts shows that whenever the supply chain fails – due to delays, incapacity or disruption – mortality rates, prolonged displacement and deteriorating living conditions increase. Thus, logistical capacity determines the speed of assistance, the continuity of supply and the mitigation of impacts. The study of the earthquakes of 6 February 2023, which struck Türkiye and Syria, enabled the understanding of the importance and execution of the four phases of the humanitarian supply chain operational cycle, making evident both the urgency of the emergency and the high logistical demands placed upon response mechanisms. It is therefore concluded that the actors, procedures and operations of the humanitarian supply chain are fundamental to guaranteeing the survival and subsistence of disaster-affected populations, particularly in large-scale events. Furthermore, the greater the operational capacity of the supply chain, the more efficient and effective the interventions will be, resulting in reduced suffering and impact felt by those affected by the disaster.
Humanitarian supply chains are critical logistical systems in disaster contexts. They operate under conditions of unpredictability, resource scarcity, infrastructural disruption and strict response time constraints, requiring all actors to share information and cooperate to ensure an effective intervention. Their operations integrate processes of planning, procurement, storage, transportation, distribution and information management throughout the humanitarian supply chain cycle – mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. In this context, logistics constitutes a structural element to ensure the continuity of essential goods, minimize disruptions and guarantee operational efficiency in the field. The analysis of 26,456 disasters recorded in the EM-DAT database between 1920 and 2025 demonstrates their human and material consequences, expressed in fatalities, injuries, displaced persons, affected populations and economic losses. The magnitude of these impacts shows that whenever the supply chain fails – due to delays, incapacity or disruption – mortality rates, prolonged displacement and deteriorating living conditions increase. Thus, logistical capacity determines the speed of assistance, the continuity of supply and the mitigation of impacts. The study of the earthquakes of 6 February 2023, which struck Türkiye and Syria, enabled the understanding of the importance and execution of the four phases of the humanitarian supply chain operational cycle, making evident both the urgency of the emergency and the high logistical demands placed upon response mechanisms. It is therefore concluded that the actors, procedures and operations of the humanitarian supply chain are fundamental to guaranteeing the survival and subsistence of disaster-affected populations, particularly in large-scale events. Furthermore, the greater the operational capacity of the supply chain, the more efficient and effective the interventions will be, resulting in reduced suffering and impact felt by those affected by the disaster.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Desastres Cadeia de abastecimento humanitária Ciclo operativo Turquia Disasters Humanitarian supply chain Operational cycle Turkey