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Publicação
Avaliação do nível de digitalização nos municípios portugueses
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Resumo(s)
As tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) assumem um papel estruturante no desenvolvimento das cidades inteligentes, operando como infraestrutura integradora que permite a articulação entre domínios urbanos, a gestão de grandes volumes de dados e a otimização de serviços públicos. Neste contexto, as Plataformas Urbanas Abertas (Open Urban Platforms) são apresentadas como espinha dorsal tecnológica que sustenta uma cidade resiliente, interoperável e orientada para a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos cidadãos.
A investigação desenvolvida neste trabalho procurou responder à questão: Quais os fatores que condicionam o nível de digitalização dos municípios portugueses e de que forma estes influenciam a eficiência, a inovação e a qualidade dos serviços públicos locais? Os resultados demonstram que a maturidade digital municipal não é linear nem exclusivamente tecnológica; depende da convergência de cinco fatores críticos interdependentes: (i) capital humano qualificado e liderança transformacional; (ii) capacidade financeira, robustez organizacional e cultura de inovação; (iii) infraestruturas TIC e interoperabilidade; (iv) abertura institucional, transparência e participação cidadã digital; e (v) redes colaborativas, benchmarking e aprendizagem entre pares.
Verificou-se que municípios com níveis elevados de maturidade digital apresentam melhorias significativas na eficiência administrativa, na inovação dos serviços e na satisfação dos cidadãos, traduzidas em redução de custos, maior rapidez de resposta, automatização de processos e aumento da confiança institucional. Contudo, persistem desafios estruturais, como assimetrias territoriais, resistência cultural à mudança, insuficiência de competências digitais e dificuldades na integração de financiamento e políticas de longo prazo.
Os resultados reforçam que a digitalização autárquica deve ser compreendida como um processo sociotécnico, dependente de liderança política, cultura organizacional, participação cidadã e infraestruturas tecnológicas interoperáveis. O progresso sustentável neste domínio exige políticas públicas integradas, capacitação contínua, mecanismos de avaliação permanente e promoção de justiça territorial e inclusão digital.
Information and communication technologies (ICT) play a foundational role in the development of smart cities, functioning as an integrating infrastructure that enables the articulation of urban domains, the management of large volumes of data, and the optimisation of public services. In this context, Open Urban Platforms (OUP) are presented as the technological backbone that supports resilient, interoperable cities oriented towards improving citizens’ quality of life. This research sought to answer the central question: What factors condition the level of digitalisation of Portuguese municipalities, and how do these factors influence the efficiency, innovation, and quality of local public services? The findings demonstrate that municipal digital maturity is neither linear nor exclusively technological; rather, it depends on the convergence of five interdependent critical factors: (i) qualified human capital and transformational leadership; (ii) financial capacity, organisational robustness and a culture of innovation; (iii) ICT infrastructures and interoperability; (iv) institutional openness, transparency and digital citizen participation; and (v) collaborative networks, benchmarking and peer learning. Municipalities with higher levels of digital maturity show significant improvements in administrative efficiency, service innovation and citizen satisfaction, reflected in cost reduction, faster response times, process automation and increased institutional trust. However, structural challenges persist, such as territorial asymmetries, cultural resistance to change, insufficient digital skills and difficulties in integrating funding and long-term policy strategies. The results reinforce that municipal digitalisation must be understood as a socio-technical process, dependent on political leadership, organisational culture, citizen ERP and interoperable technological infrastructures. Sustainable progress in this field requires integrated public policies, continuous capacity-building, permanent evaluation mechanisms and the promotion of territorial justice and digital inclusion.
Information and communication technologies (ICT) play a foundational role in the development of smart cities, functioning as an integrating infrastructure that enables the articulation of urban domains, the management of large volumes of data, and the optimisation of public services. In this context, Open Urban Platforms (OUP) are presented as the technological backbone that supports resilient, interoperable cities oriented towards improving citizens’ quality of life. This research sought to answer the central question: What factors condition the level of digitalisation of Portuguese municipalities, and how do these factors influence the efficiency, innovation, and quality of local public services? The findings demonstrate that municipal digital maturity is neither linear nor exclusively technological; rather, it depends on the convergence of five interdependent critical factors: (i) qualified human capital and transformational leadership; (ii) financial capacity, organisational robustness and a culture of innovation; (iii) ICT infrastructures and interoperability; (iv) institutional openness, transparency and digital citizen participation; and (v) collaborative networks, benchmarking and peer learning. Municipalities with higher levels of digital maturity show significant improvements in administrative efficiency, service innovation and citizen satisfaction, reflected in cost reduction, faster response times, process automation and increased institutional trust. However, structural challenges persist, such as territorial asymmetries, cultural resistance to change, insufficient digital skills and difficulties in integrating funding and long-term policy strategies. The results reinforce that municipal digitalisation must be understood as a socio-technical process, dependent on political leadership, organisational culture, citizen ERP and interoperable technological infrastructures. Sustainable progress in this field requires integrated public policies, continuous capacity-building, permanent evaluation mechanisms and the promotion of territorial justice and digital inclusion.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Municípios Cidades inteligentes Plataformas urbanas abertas Cidades sustentáveis Resiliência digital Municipalities Smart cities Open urban plataform Sustainable cities Digital resilience