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Abstract(s)
A Zona Franca da Madeira (ZFM), também conhecida por Centro Internacional de Negócios da Madeira (CINM), criada no início dos anos 80 do século XX, tinha como objetivo, incentivar o investimento estrangeiro através da obtenção de um regime fiscal favorável.
Contudo, passadas umas décadas, um clima político considerado hostil à instituição e o processo de resgate financeiro do país conduziu à alteração do regime implementado na altura. O CINM teve, ao longo dos anos, quatro regimes, sendo que o quarto e último regime começou a produzir efeitos, a partir de 1 de janeiro de 2015.
Com o desenvolvimento da economia mundial, a disputa e a concorrência fiscal entre as empresas aumentaram e consequentemente, quanto maior for a carga fiscal existente em qualquer país, naturalmente maior será o interesse das pessoas em fazer investimentos no exterior.
O CINM é o único instrumento utilizado para aumentar essa concorrência em Portugal e a principal forma de atração de investimento externo.
É fundamental clarificar que as zonas de baixa tributação, muitas vezes vistas com reserva pela maioria da população, pretendem acima de tudo, promover o desenvolvimento das regiões onde estão implementadas e facilitar o planeamento tributário, financeiro e comercial.
Tratando-se de um tema atual, a presente dissertação tem como objetivo expor e analisar de forma crítica o Auxílio de Estado da ZFM, o impacto deste no desenvolvimento económico e regional da ilha, a capacidade do CINM de fazer face à sua intenção de captar investimento externo e gerar emprego, assim como de estudar os controlos e os processos de monitorização por parte da Comissão Europeia e dos Estados-Membros.
The Madeira Free Trade Zone (MFTZ), also known as the International Business Centre of Madeira (IBC), created in the early '80s, aimed to encourage foreign investment by obtaining a favourable tax regime. However, after a few decades, a political climate deemed hostile to the institution and the country's bailout process led to a change in the regime implemented at the time. Over the years, Madeira’s IBC had four regimes and the last of which took effect recently, from January 1st 2015. Following the world economy development, the competitiveness and the tax competition amongst companies has increased and thus, the greater the tax burden is in any country, and naturally the greater interest people will have in making investments abroad. The IBC is the only instrument used to increase this competitiveness in Portugal and the main form of attracting foreign investment. It’s paramount to clarify that tax havens, often viewed with mistrust by the majority of the population, are intended above all, to promote the development of the regions where they are implemented and to facilitate tax, financial and trade planning. As a current theme, this dissertation aims to expose and critically analyse the MFTZ State Aid, its impact on the island's economic and regional development, the IBC’s capacity to meet its intention to capture foreign investment and generate employment, as well as to study the controls and the monitoring processes by the European Commission and the Member States.
The Madeira Free Trade Zone (MFTZ), also known as the International Business Centre of Madeira (IBC), created in the early '80s, aimed to encourage foreign investment by obtaining a favourable tax regime. However, after a few decades, a political climate deemed hostile to the institution and the country's bailout process led to a change in the regime implemented at the time. Over the years, Madeira’s IBC had four regimes and the last of which took effect recently, from January 1st 2015. Following the world economy development, the competitiveness and the tax competition amongst companies has increased and thus, the greater the tax burden is in any country, and naturally the greater interest people will have in making investments abroad. The IBC is the only instrument used to increase this competitiveness in Portugal and the main form of attracting foreign investment. It’s paramount to clarify that tax havens, often viewed with mistrust by the majority of the population, are intended above all, to promote the development of the regions where they are implemented and to facilitate tax, financial and trade planning. As a current theme, this dissertation aims to expose and critically analyse the MFTZ State Aid, its impact on the island's economic and regional development, the IBC’s capacity to meet its intention to capture foreign investment and generate employment, as well as to study the controls and the monitoring processes by the European Commission and the Member States.
Description
Versão final (Esta versão contém as sugestões dos elementos do júri)
Keywords
Concorrência fiscal Centro Internacional de Negócios da Madeira(CINM) Zonas de baixa tributação Madeira’s International Business Centre (IBC) Tax havens Fiscal competitiveness