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Caches help reduce the average execution time of tasks due to their fast operational speeds. However, caches may also severely degrade the timing predictability of the system due to intra- and inter-task cache interference. Intra-task cache interference occurs if the memory footprint of a task is larger than the allocated cache space or when two memory entries of that task are mapped to the same space in cache. Inter-task cache interference occurs when memory entries of two or more distinct tasks use the same cache space. State-of-the-art analysis focusing on bounding cache interference or reducing it by means of partitioning and by optimizing task layout in memory either focus on intra- or inter-task cache interference and do not exploit the fact that both intra- and inter-task cache interference can be interrelated.
In this work, we show how one can model intra- and inter-task cache interference in a way that allows balancing their respective contribution to tasks worst-case response times. Since the placement of tasks in memory and their respective cache footprint determine the intra- and inter-task interference that tasks may suffer, we propose a technique based on cache coloring to improve task set schedulability. Experimental evaluations performed using Mälardalen benchmarks show that our approach results in up to 13% higher task set schedulability than state-of-the-art approaches.
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Association for Computing Machinery