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Este trabalho é proveniente da disciplina Dissertação/Tese do mestrado de Engenharia Química no ramo de Qualidade. Assume como objetivo o Estudo da Arte e Potencial de Inovação na Engenharia Cerâmica sendo que o desenvolvimento da mesma é realizado na empresa Aquitex- Acabamentos Químicos para a Indústria Têxtil e Cerâmica. No decorrer deste trabalho foram desenvolvidos temas como a estrutura dos cerâmicos, a descrição de matérias-primas usadas nesta indústria, uma explicação detalhada do processo de produção dos diferentes tipos de pastas que existem no ramo, faiança, grés, porcelana e terracota. Com base nos métodos explicados no decorrer deste trabalho foi possível analisar a qualidade e o comportamento de diversas matérias-primas quando trabalhadas sozinhas ou na presença de óxidos ou corantes. Através da análise das diferentes pastas cerâmicas foi possível verificar que em todas elas ocorre a retração da pasta na primeira cozedura. Foi também, possível concluir que todas estas pastas absorvem uma determinada percentagem de água tendo valores distintos para materiais com ou sem acabamento. Este aspeto, com e sem acabamento, foi um parâmetro diferenciador aquando a analise da resistência ao risco.
This work comes from the Dissertation / Thesis discipline of the Master of Chemical Engineering in the field of Quality. Assumes as objective the Study of Art and Innovation Potential in Ceramic Engineering and its development is carried out in the company Aquitex- Chemical Finishes for the Textile and Ceramics Industry. During this work themes such as the structure of ceramics, the description of raw materials used in this industry, a detailed explanation of the production process of the different types of pastes in the branch, earthenware, stoneware, porcelain and terracotta were developed. Based on the methods explained during this work it was possible to analyze the quality and behavior of various raw materials when worked alone or in the presence of oxides or dyes. Through the analysis of the different ceramic pastes it was possible to verify that in all of them the retraction of the paste occurs in the first firing. It was also possible to conclude that all these pastes absorb a certain percentage of water having different values for finished or unfinished materials. This aspect, both finished and unfinished, was a differentiating parameter when analyzing scratch resistance.
This work comes from the Dissertation / Thesis discipline of the Master of Chemical Engineering in the field of Quality. Assumes as objective the Study of Art and Innovation Potential in Ceramic Engineering and its development is carried out in the company Aquitex- Chemical Finishes for the Textile and Ceramics Industry. During this work themes such as the structure of ceramics, the description of raw materials used in this industry, a detailed explanation of the production process of the different types of pastes in the branch, earthenware, stoneware, porcelain and terracotta were developed. Based on the methods explained during this work it was possible to analyze the quality and behavior of various raw materials when worked alone or in the presence of oxides or dyes. Through the analysis of the different ceramic pastes it was possible to verify that in all of them the retraction of the paste occurs in the first firing. It was also possible to conclude that all these pastes absorb a certain percentage of water having different values for finished or unfinished materials. This aspect, both finished and unfinished, was a differentiating parameter when analyzing scratch resistance.
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Keywords
Pastas cerâmicas Vidrados Densidade Viscosidade Ceramic pastes Glazing Density Viscosity