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Co-criação e personalização no design de produto: o impacto da impressão 3D na redefinição do papel do designer
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A evolução das tecnologias de fabrico digital está a transformar-se, conduzindo igualmente à transformação da maneira como os produtos são desenvolvidos. Com isto, surgem novas formas de trabalho em equipa entre designers, utilizadores e outros envolvidos. Entre essas tecnologias, a impressão 3D destaca-se por ser muito útil para criar protótipos rapidamente, personalizar e testar ideias. Está a tornar-se uma peça importante nas abordagens de co-criação.
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo perceber como a impressão 3D afeta os processos de cocriação e como é que ela muda o papel do designer no desenvolvimento de produtos. Pretende-se analisar de que forma é que essas tecnologias podem ajudar os utilizadores a participarem mais em diferentes etapas do projeto, resultando em soluções que respondam melhor às necessidades deles.
Para isso, foi realizada uma investigação qualitativa assente na metodologia Research Through Design. Foi feita uma revisão de literatura, observações, entrevistas e workshops num Fab Lab.
Além disso, foi desenvolvido um projeto prático com a criação de um sistema modular para uma secretária, usando a modelação 3D e impressão 3D como ferramentas principais.
Os resultados evidenciam que a impressão 3D desempenhou um papel relevante no processo de co-criação, ao reduzir o intervalo entre a geração de propostas e a sua avaliação, favorecer processos iterativos e facilitar a comunicação entre designer e participantes.
Por ultimo, conclui-se que a impressão 3D muda o papel do designer, que passa a ser mais um facilitador, mediador e organizador do processo. Isso ajuda os utilizadores a participarem ativamente e a construírem conhecimento juntos. Esta investigação mostra o potencial do fabrico digital para inovar no design de produtos e destaca a importância da co-criação para criar soluções mais adequadas, personalizadas e centradas no próprio utilizador.
The evolution of digital manufacturing technologies is significantly changing the way products are developed. As a result, new forms of collaboration have emerged between designers, users, and other stakeholders. Among these technologies, 3D printing stands out as a valuable tool for rapidly producing prototypes, customising products, and testing ideas. It is becoming an increasingly important element in co-creation approaches. This dissertation aims to understand how 3D printing influences co-creation processes and how it reshapes the role of the designer in product development. The objective is to explore how these technologies can encourage greater user participation throughout different stages of the design process, leading to solutions that better meet users' needs. To achieve this, a qualitative research methodology based on the Research Through Design (RtD) approach was adopted. The study included a literature review, participant observation, interviews, and workshops conducted in a Fab Lab environment. In addition, a practical project was developed involving the creation of a modular desk organisation system using 3D modelling and 3D printing as the main development tools. The results demonstrate that 3D printing greatly supports the co-creation process. This technology reduces the time between concept generation and validation, encourages iterative experimentation, and improves communication between designers and users. The ability to rapidly produce different design iterations proved essential for improving the product in terms of functionality, aesthetics, and ergonomics. It also increased the engagement of all participants throughout the development process. In conclusion, 3D printing contributes to redefining the designer's role, shifting it towards that of a facilitator, mediator, and coordinator of the design process. This enables users to participate actively and collaboratively in knowledge creation. The research highlights the potential of digital manufacturing to foster innovation in Product Design and emphasises the importance of cocreation in developing more suitable, personalised, and user-centred solutions.
The evolution of digital manufacturing technologies is significantly changing the way products are developed. As a result, new forms of collaboration have emerged between designers, users, and other stakeholders. Among these technologies, 3D printing stands out as a valuable tool for rapidly producing prototypes, customising products, and testing ideas. It is becoming an increasingly important element in co-creation approaches. This dissertation aims to understand how 3D printing influences co-creation processes and how it reshapes the role of the designer in product development. The objective is to explore how these technologies can encourage greater user participation throughout different stages of the design process, leading to solutions that better meet users' needs. To achieve this, a qualitative research methodology based on the Research Through Design (RtD) approach was adopted. The study included a literature review, participant observation, interviews, and workshops conducted in a Fab Lab environment. In addition, a practical project was developed involving the creation of a modular desk organisation system using 3D modelling and 3D printing as the main development tools. The results demonstrate that 3D printing greatly supports the co-creation process. This technology reduces the time between concept generation and validation, encourages iterative experimentation, and improves communication between designers and users. The ability to rapidly produce different design iterations proved essential for improving the product in terms of functionality, aesthetics, and ergonomics. It also increased the engagement of all participants throughout the development process. In conclusion, 3D printing contributes to redefining the designer's role, shifting it towards that of a facilitator, mediator, and coordinator of the design process. This enables users to participate actively and collaboratively in knowledge creation. The research highlights the potential of digital manufacturing to foster innovation in Product Design and emphasises the importance of cocreation in developing more suitable, personalised, and user-centred solutions.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado
Palavras-chave
Design de produto Co-criação Impressão 3D Fabrico digital Research through design Prototipagem Fab Lab Desenvolvimento colaborativo Product design Co-creation 3D printing Digital manufacturing Research through design Prototyping Collaborative design