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O número de mulheres que se tornam empresárias é cada vez maior e esta expansão é muito importante para o crescimento da economia mundial. Quando as mulheres, para conseguirem criar os seus negócios, necessitam de recorrer a fontes de financiamento deparam-se com dificuldades acrescidas relativamente aos homens. O crowdfunding, que surgiu no final da década de 90 e cresceu muito com a grande crise de 2008, tornou-se uma ferramenta fundamental para os empresários, uma vez que os ajuda nas fases iniciais dos seus negócios, tornando-se uma alternativa às fontes de financiamento tradicionais.
Este trabalho de investigação tem como objetivo primordial compreender em que medida o género influencia, ou não, o recurso ao crowdfunding. Em particular, pretende-se compreender se existe um predomínio do género masculino no recurso a esta forma de financiamento em Portugal, compreender em que medida as características dos projetos que recorrem ao crowdfunding são condicionadas pelo género do promotor, compreender as razões que levam ao uso do crowdfunding como forma de financiamento e em que medida essas motivações são influenciadas pelo género e, por fim, compreender se o sucesso da campanha é influenciado pelo género do promotor.
A metodologia adotada neste estudo caracteriza-se por ser quantitativa. O trabalho baseou-se na realização de um inquérito por questionário aplicado aos empreendedores que recorreram à plataforma portuguesa de crowdfunding PPL para financiamento dos seus projetos.
Em resposta ao principal objetivo principal desta dissertação, concluiu-se que não existem diferenças significativas entre os dois géneros no recurso ao crowdfunding através da plataforma PPL, o que significa que não há um predomínio de género no recurso ao crowdfunding em Portugal. Apenas os projetos relacionados com a área da cultura é que manifestam uma associação com o género. As motivações que levam ao recurso do crowdfunding são semelhantes para ambos os géneros. Concluiu-se também que o sucesso da campanha não é influenciado pelo género do promotor e que as redes sociais desempenham um papel importante nas campanhas de crowdfunding.
The number of women who become entrepreneurs is increasing and this expansion is very important for the growth of the world economy. In order to be able to start their businesses, women resort to sources of financing and they face greater difficulties compared to men. Crowdfunding, which emerged in the late 90s and increased a lot with the great crisis of 2008, has become a fundamental tool for entrepreneurs, since it helps them in the initial stages of their business, becoming an alternative to traditional financing methods. This research work has as main objective to understand to what extent gender influences, or not, the resource to crowdfunding. In particular, it is intended to understand whether there is a predominance of the male gender in the use of this form of financing in Portugal, understanding to what extent the characteristics of the projects that resort to crowdfunding are conditioned by the gender of the promoter, including the reasons that lead to the use crowdfunding as a form of financing and the extent to which these motivations are influenced by gender and, finally, to understand whether the success of the campaign is influenced by the gender of the promoter. The methodology adopted in this study is quantitative. The work was based on a questionnaire survey sent to entrepreneurs who have used the Portuguese crowdfunding platform PPL to finance their projects. In response to the main objective of this dissertation, it was concluded that there are no differences between the two genders in the use of crowdfunding through the PPL platform, which means that there is no gender predominance in the use of crowdfunding in Portugal. Only projects related to the culture area manifests an association with gender. The motivations that lead to the use of crowdfunding are similar for both genders. It was also concluded that the success of the campaign is not influenced by the gender of the promoter and that social networks play an important role in crowdfunding campaigns.
The number of women who become entrepreneurs is increasing and this expansion is very important for the growth of the world economy. In order to be able to start their businesses, women resort to sources of financing and they face greater difficulties compared to men. Crowdfunding, which emerged in the late 90s and increased a lot with the great crisis of 2008, has become a fundamental tool for entrepreneurs, since it helps them in the initial stages of their business, becoming an alternative to traditional financing methods. This research work has as main objective to understand to what extent gender influences, or not, the resource to crowdfunding. In particular, it is intended to understand whether there is a predominance of the male gender in the use of this form of financing in Portugal, understanding to what extent the characteristics of the projects that resort to crowdfunding are conditioned by the gender of the promoter, including the reasons that lead to the use crowdfunding as a form of financing and the extent to which these motivations are influenced by gender and, finally, to understand whether the success of the campaign is influenced by the gender of the promoter. The methodology adopted in this study is quantitative. The work was based on a questionnaire survey sent to entrepreneurs who have used the Portuguese crowdfunding platform PPL to finance their projects. In response to the main objective of this dissertation, it was concluded that there are no differences between the two genders in the use of crowdfunding through the PPL platform, which means that there is no gender predominance in the use of crowdfunding in Portugal. Only projects related to the culture area manifests an association with gender. The motivations that lead to the use of crowdfunding are similar for both genders. It was also concluded that the success of the campaign is not influenced by the gender of the promoter and that social networks play an important role in crowdfunding campaigns.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Empreendedorismo feminino Crowdfunding Plataforma PPL Female entrepreneurship Platform PPL