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Abstract(s)
O estudo realizado pretende avaliar as caraterísticas técnico-económicas relativas à utilização de dois diferentes tipos de detonadores, não elétricos e eletrónicos, verificando o seu desempenho no âmbito dos trabalhos de desmonte em tipologias muito semelhantes de maciço rochoso.
A fragmentação obtida, no âmbito de exploração de agregados, é o resultado final da realização do desmonte. A obtenção dos calibres pretendidos é um fator fulcral para o sucesso do mesmo, e tem influência direta em termos logísticos e financeiros nos consequentes trabalhos de carga, transporte e britagem. O objetivo deste trabalho é, num ambiente o mais aproximado possível em termos de caraterísticas geológicas, utilizando os mesmos processos de trabalho, e na tentativa de utilizar os mesmos equipamentos e os mesmos recursos humanos, avaliar os resultados relativos à utilização dos dois tipos de detonadores, traçando uma avaliação à fragmentação obtida em ambos os casos, com o expectável em termos teóricos e entre si, realizando uma análise aos processos procedentes e aos custos totais. A avaliação da perturbação provocada por ambas as técnicas na envolvente, designadamente vibrações, é igualmente um objetivo pretendido.
A área de exploração de agregados, Pedreira de Serdedelo, situada em Ponte de Lima, no Noroeste de Portugal, foi a selecionada para a realização deste estudo. Para a avaliação do maciço foram utilizadas técnicas de geotecnia, geomecânica e geologia. Como complemento deste estudo foi utilizado software geoinformático para refinação de dados. Para avaliação de técnicas, foram acompanhados os trabalhos de conceção e melhoramento do diagrama de fogo, perfuração, ensaios de desvio de perfuração e registo de vibrações. Para avaliação de resultados foi feito o acompanhamento das operações de desmonte secundário, carga, transporte e primeiro estágio de britagem relativo ao material desmontado e utilizado software de tratamento de imagem para cálculo de granulometrias resultantes.
This work aims to evaluate the technical and economic characteristics for the use of two different types of detonators, non-electric and electronic; verifying their performance on rock blasting work in very similar types of rock mass. The fragmentation obtained, in aggregates production, is the final result of rock blasting. Obtaining the desired gauge is a key factor for its success, and has direct influence on logistical and financial terms in subsequent load, transport and crushing works. The objective of this work is, in the closest possible environment in terms of geological features, using the same work processes, and trying to use the same equipment and human resources, evaluate the results on the use of both types of detonators, tracing an evaluation of the obtained fragmentation in both cases, the expected in theory and each other, making an analysis of the proceeding processes and the total costs. The evaluation of the disturbance caused by both techniques in the environment, including vibration, is also a desired goal. The aggregates explored area, Serdedelo quarry, located in Ponte de Lima, in the northwest of Portugal, was the selected for this study. For the evaluation of the rock mass, there were used geotechnical, geomechanics and geological techniques. In addition to this study it was used a specific software for data refining. For the technical evaluation, the blasting design and its improvment, the drilling and and drilling shift assays and vibration record. For the evaluation of results, it was made the monitoring of the secondary fragmentation, load and hauling operations, as well as, the first crushing stage, and used image processing software for particle size calculation result.
This work aims to evaluate the technical and economic characteristics for the use of two different types of detonators, non-electric and electronic; verifying their performance on rock blasting work in very similar types of rock mass. The fragmentation obtained, in aggregates production, is the final result of rock blasting. Obtaining the desired gauge is a key factor for its success, and has direct influence on logistical and financial terms in subsequent load, transport and crushing works. The objective of this work is, in the closest possible environment in terms of geological features, using the same work processes, and trying to use the same equipment and human resources, evaluate the results on the use of both types of detonators, tracing an evaluation of the obtained fragmentation in both cases, the expected in theory and each other, making an analysis of the proceeding processes and the total costs. The evaluation of the disturbance caused by both techniques in the environment, including vibration, is also a desired goal. The aggregates explored area, Serdedelo quarry, located in Ponte de Lima, in the northwest of Portugal, was the selected for this study. For the evaluation of the rock mass, there were used geotechnical, geomechanics and geological techniques. In addition to this study it was used a specific software for data refining. For the technical evaluation, the blasting design and its improvment, the drilling and and drilling shift assays and vibration record. For the evaluation of results, it was made the monitoring of the secondary fragmentation, load and hauling operations, as well as, the first crushing stage, and used image processing software for particle size calculation result.
Description
Keywords
Maciços Rochosos Fragmentação Detonadores Análise Técnico-económicas Rock Masses Fragmentation Detonators Analysis Technical Economic