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Entre humanos e algoritmos: a inteligência artificial no processo de recrutamento e seleção
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O processo de Recrutamento e Seleção (R&S) tem vindo a assumir um papel cada vez mais estratégico no contexto organizacional, impulsionado pelas rápidas transformações no panorama socioeconómico e, sobretudo, tecnológico. A aquisição de talento tornou-se um desafio complexo, exigindo simultaneamente rapidez e qualidade, dois critérios que nem sempre caminham lado a lado. Com o avanço tecnológico, a Inteligência Artificial (IA) ganhou protagonismo neste processo, automatizando tarefas repetitivas e apoiando os profissionais de recursos humanos.
Este estudo, de natureza exploratória, tem como objetivo principal conhecer a aplicação da IA nas diferentes etapas do processo de recrutamento e seleção, identificando as ferramentas utilizadas e analisando os seus impactos. A recolha de dados empíricos foi realizada através de um inquérito por questionário aplicado a 64 profissionais da área de Recursos Humanos.
Os resultados evidenciam uma tendência crescente para a adoção da IA no processo de R&S, embora ainda se encontre numa fase de maturação. O setor de atividade revelou-se um fator determinante na adoção da tecnologia, com destaque para o setor da Consultoria de RH, enquanto a dimensão organizacional não demonstrou influência significativa. A aplicação da IA é mais expressiva na fase de recrutamento, nomeadamente na elaboração de descrições funcionais e de anúncios de emprego. Já na fase de seleção, destaca-se a sua utilização na redação de relatórios de entrevista.
Entre os principais benefícios identificados estão a redução de custos operacionais, a aceleração do processo, a melhoria da experiência do candidato e a diminuição de enviesamentos. Contudo, persistem preocupações éticas e legais, bem como uma insuficiente literacia digital, que geram apreensão quanto ao uso da IA neste domínio.
The Recruitment and Selection (R&S) process has been taking on an increasingly strategic role in the organisational context, driven by rapid changes in the socio-economic and, above all, technological landscape. Acquiring talent has become a complex challenge, requiring both speed and quality, two criteria that do not always go hand in hand. With technological advances, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained prominence in this process, automating repetitive tasks and supporting human resources professionals. This exploratory study aims to understand the application of AI in the different stages of the recruitment and selection process, identifying the tools used and analysing their impact. Empirical data was collected through a questionnaire survey of 64 human resources professionals. The results show a growing trend towards the adoption of AI in the R&S process, although it is still in a maturing phase. The sector of activity proved to be a determining factor in the adoption of the technology, with emphasis on the HR Consulting sector, while the organisational dimension did not show a significant influence. The application of AI is most significant in the recruitment phase, namely in the preparation of job descriptions and job advertisements. In the selection phase, its use in the writing of interview reports stands out. Among the main benefits identified are reduced operating costs, accelerated processes, improved candidate experience, and reduced bias. However, ethical and legal concerns persist, as well as insufficient digital literacy, which generate apprehension about the use of AI in this field.
The Recruitment and Selection (R&S) process has been taking on an increasingly strategic role in the organisational context, driven by rapid changes in the socio-economic and, above all, technological landscape. Acquiring talent has become a complex challenge, requiring both speed and quality, two criteria that do not always go hand in hand. With technological advances, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained prominence in this process, automating repetitive tasks and supporting human resources professionals. This exploratory study aims to understand the application of AI in the different stages of the recruitment and selection process, identifying the tools used and analysing their impact. Empirical data was collected through a questionnaire survey of 64 human resources professionals. The results show a growing trend towards the adoption of AI in the R&S process, although it is still in a maturing phase. The sector of activity proved to be a determining factor in the adoption of the technology, with emphasis on the HR Consulting sector, while the organisational dimension did not show a significant influence. The application of AI is most significant in the recruitment phase, namely in the preparation of job descriptions and job advertisements. In the selection phase, its use in the writing of interview reports stands out. Among the main benefits identified are reduced operating costs, accelerated processes, improved candidate experience, and reduced bias. However, ethical and legal concerns persist, as well as insufficient digital literacy, which generate apprehension about the use of AI in this field.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Aquisição de talento Inteligência artificial Recrutamento e seleção Utilização Artificial Intelligence Human Resources Recruitment Selection Talent Acquisition Usage