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Abstract(s)
O setor do transporte marítimo em Portugal tem crescido e sofrido diversas alterações nos últimos anos. Em linha com este progresso surge a presente dissertação que pretende avaliar a evolução do transporte marítimo em Portugal e o seu alinhamento com as políticas europeias a nível tecnológico e ambiental, bem como o desempenho dos portos marítimos portugueses.
Numa abordagem macroeconómica é analisado o impacto do transporte marítimo no comércio e, de que forma este tem crescido. Posteriormente, exploram-se as políticas europeias e nacionais a nível tecnológico e ambiental e, analisa-se de que forma intervêm no transporte marítimo. De seguida, é efetuada uma breve descrição da importância dos portos marítimos, de modo a reforçar o impacto que as inovações tecnológicas, as medidas ambientais e a multimodalidade têm sobre as atividades portuárias. Abordam-se os principais portos mundiais e nacionais; resume-se quais as perspetivas futuras para este setor marítimo, em enfoque na componente digital e sustentável e, por fim, analisam-se os diferentes tipos de combustíveis de energias limpas e qual a evolução de cada um, com o intuito de verificar se os portos portugueses já operaram ou esperam operar com este tipo de combustíveis.
A componente prática deste estudo reforça a importância das inovações tecnológicas, a elaboração de práticas sustentáveis e a multimodalidade nas empresas que trabalham com os portos portugueses. Foi analisado o conhecimento das empresas perante as políticas europeias e nacionais nos temas acima referidos e, aferido se Portugal está preparado para as tendências futuras do transporte marítimo. Investigou-se também a perceção das empresas perante os combustíveis de energias verdes e qual o futuro dos combustíveis dos navios, de modo a proteger o ambiente.
Com esta dissertação concluiu-se que as empresas seguem as diretrizes das políticas europeias, investem no desenvolvimento tecnológico, consideram a vertente ambiental e recorrem à multimodalidade para se tornarem mais eficientes. Assim, verifica-se que Portugal tem muitas potencialidades no transporte marítimo e precisa de investir mais neste setor para se tornar mais competitivo a nível mundial.
The main goal of this dissertation is to evaluate the evolution of maritime transport in Portugal and the alignment of European technological and environmental policies with the performance of Portuguese seaports. In a macroeconomic approach, it will be analyzed the impact of maritime transport on international trade and how it has grown. Then it will be explored the European and national policies at a technological and environmental level and how they influence the maritime transport. Following a brief description of the importance of seaports, to reinforce the impact that technological innovations, environmental measures, and multimodality have on port activities. It is also approached the main ports worldwide to compare performance with Portuguese ports. It is summarized the prospects for this maritime sector, focusing on the digital and sustainable component. Finally, it is analyzed the different types of clean energy fuels and the evolution of each one, to verify whether the Portuguese ports have already operated or hope to operate with this type of fuel. The practical component reinforces the importance of technological innovations, the development of sustainable practices and the importance of multimodality in companies that work with Portuguese ports. It is also analyzed the knowledge of companies regarding European and national policies in the topics mentioned above and whether Portugal is prepared for future trends in maritime transport. This work investigates the companies' perception of green energy fuels and the future of ship fuels, to protect the environment. With this dissertation, it was concluded that companies follow the guidelines of European policies, invest in technological development, consider the environmental aspect and resort on multimodality to become more efficient. Thus, it appears that Portugal has great potential in maritime transport and needs to invest more in this sector in order to become more competitive worldwide.
The main goal of this dissertation is to evaluate the evolution of maritime transport in Portugal and the alignment of European technological and environmental policies with the performance of Portuguese seaports. In a macroeconomic approach, it will be analyzed the impact of maritime transport on international trade and how it has grown. Then it will be explored the European and national policies at a technological and environmental level and how they influence the maritime transport. Following a brief description of the importance of seaports, to reinforce the impact that technological innovations, environmental measures, and multimodality have on port activities. It is also approached the main ports worldwide to compare performance with Portuguese ports. It is summarized the prospects for this maritime sector, focusing on the digital and sustainable component. Finally, it is analyzed the different types of clean energy fuels and the evolution of each one, to verify whether the Portuguese ports have already operated or hope to operate with this type of fuel. The practical component reinforces the importance of technological innovations, the development of sustainable practices and the importance of multimodality in companies that work with Portuguese ports. It is also analyzed the knowledge of companies regarding European and national policies in the topics mentioned above and whether Portugal is prepared for future trends in maritime transport. This work investigates the companies' perception of green energy fuels and the future of ship fuels, to protect the environment. With this dissertation, it was concluded that companies follow the guidelines of European policies, invest in technological development, consider the environmental aspect and resort on multimodality to become more efficient. Thus, it appears that Portugal has great potential in maritime transport and needs to invest more in this sector in order to become more competitive worldwide.
Description
Esta dissertação inclui as críticas e sugestões feitas pelo Júri.
Keywords
Transporte marítimo Perspetiva ambiental Investimento tecnológico Multimodalidade Maritime transport Multimodality Environmental perspective Technological investment