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Abstract(s)
A radiologia é uma modalidade de diagnóstico importante em medicina dentária, na medida em que permite detetar patologias que não são visíveis durante o exame clínico convencional. Atualmente, o equipamento de radiologia intraoral está presente na maioria das clínicas dentárias sendo um requisito legal exigido para que estas possam exercer a sua atividade.
O Decreto-Lei n.º 108/2018, impôs a obrigatoriedade de utilização de colimador retangular para radiografias intraorais, determinando como não aceitável a utilização de colimadores circulares. O colimador retangular é uma das ferramentas mais simples e eficazes para a redução da exposição do paciente, permitindo manter a dose a um nível tão baixo quanto razoavelmente possível. No entanto, esta ferramenta não incorpora o quotidiano de uma grande parte das clínicas dentárias. Ademais, a obrigatoriedade da sua utilização é um tema contestado pela comunidade médica pela sua suposta inutilidade e dificuldade de utilização.
Assim realizaram-se medições de dose recebida no paciente e no operador (em 4 pontos, a 1 metro) com e sem colimador retangular, em vários equipamentos intraorais, com o intuito de avaliar a eficácia do mesmo. Em todos os equipamentos verificou-se sempre uma redução de dose com a utilização do colimador retangular; no caso da dose no paciente, a redução do DAP foi, em todos os casos, superior a 30 %, chegando a alcançar os 87 %. Também se verificou uma redução de dose no operador nos 4 pontos analisados, sendo mais frequente reduções entre os 30 e 50 %. Com isto é possível afirmar que o colimador retangular é um acessório útil na redução de dose, sendo benéfica a sua utilização tanto para o paciente como para o operador
Radiology is an important diagnostic modality in dentistry, as it allows the detection of pathologies that are not directly visible during the conventional clinical examination. Currently, most dental clinics have an intraoral X ray as it is a legal requirement for them to carry out their activity. In Portugal, the Decree-Law No. 108/2018 imposed the mandatory use of rectangular collimator for intraoral radiographs, determining that the use of circular collimators is not acceptable. The rectangular collimator is one of the simplest and most effective tools for reducing patient exposure, allowing the dose to be kept as low as reasonably possible. However, this tool is not part of everyday life in most dental clinics. Moreover, its mandatory use is an issue contested by the medical community due to its supposed inefficacy and difficulty of use. Thus, patient and operator dose were measured, with the last being measured in 4 points, at 1 meter. These measures were obtained with and without a rectangular collimator, in several intraoral devices, to evaluate its efficacy. In every equipment, a dose reduction was always observed with the use of the rectangular collimator; in the case of the dose to the patient, the DAP reduction was, in all cases, higher than 30%, reaching 87%. A dose reduction in the operator was also observed, in all 4 points analyzed, with more frequent reductions between 30 and 50 %. With this it is possible to affirm that the rectangular collimator is a useful accessory in dose reduction, with its use being beneficial for both the patient and the operator
Radiology is an important diagnostic modality in dentistry, as it allows the detection of pathologies that are not directly visible during the conventional clinical examination. Currently, most dental clinics have an intraoral X ray as it is a legal requirement for them to carry out their activity. In Portugal, the Decree-Law No. 108/2018 imposed the mandatory use of rectangular collimator for intraoral radiographs, determining that the use of circular collimators is not acceptable. The rectangular collimator is one of the simplest and most effective tools for reducing patient exposure, allowing the dose to be kept as low as reasonably possible. However, this tool is not part of everyday life in most dental clinics. Moreover, its mandatory use is an issue contested by the medical community due to its supposed inefficacy and difficulty of use. Thus, patient and operator dose were measured, with the last being measured in 4 points, at 1 meter. These measures were obtained with and without a rectangular collimator, in several intraoral devices, to evaluate its efficacy. In every equipment, a dose reduction was always observed with the use of the rectangular collimator; in the case of the dose to the patient, the DAP reduction was, in all cases, higher than 30%, reaching 87%. A dose reduction in the operator was also observed, in all 4 points analyzed, with more frequent reductions between 30 and 50 %. With this it is possible to affirm that the rectangular collimator is a useful accessory in dose reduction, with its use being beneficial for both the patient and the operator
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Keywords
Colimação retangular Medicina dentária Raios X Intraoral DAP Redução de dose Rectangular collimation Dentistry X-rays Intraoral Dose reduction