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Aproveitamento económico e logística reversa de multimateriais - Estudo de Caso na LIPOR
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Abstract(s)
A presente pesquisa analisa o retorno económico gerado pela valoração de resíduos multimateriais, urbanos e equiparados como: embalagens de bebidas, plásticos, embalagens de cartão para alimentos líquidos (ECAL), papel, resíduos elétricos e eletrónicos (REE), entre outros, provenientes dos municípios de abrangência da LIPOR, entre os anos 2021 a 2023. Para esta área, pretendeu-se ainda apurar qual o potencial de valoração multimaterial existente nos resíduos descartados de forma indiferenciada. O presente trabalho analisa também se estes municípios estão a atender à legislação nacional e às diretivas da União Europeia (UE) relativas à reciclagem e disposição de residuos sólidos. A metodologia utilizada foi um estudo de caso descritivo de abordagem quantitativa, que se deu mediante a aplicação de inquéritos, observação, análise de dados estatísticos, relatórios da empresa e relatórios financeiros, de forma a obter respostas as questões de investigação. Com a pesquisa, foi possível identificar e quantificar os resíduos urbanos valorizados entre 2021 e 2023, bem como o valor por tonelada de multimateriais e a estimativa de valor existente nestes materiais nos Resíduos Indiferenciados (RI). Concluiu-se também que Portugal, não cumpriu as metas estabelecidas no Plano Estratégico para os Resíduos Urbanos 2020 (PERSU 2020). Quanto a LIPOR, verificou-se que cumpriu as metas, embora a incineração dos resíduos contribua para o não cumprimento das metas a nível nacional, devendo aumentar sua taxa de retoma de multimateriais e seu percentual de preparação para reutilização e reciclagem (PRR) para o cumprimento das metas relativas ao Plano Estratégico para os Resíduos Urbanos 2030 (PERSU 2030).
This research analyzes the economic return generated by the recovery of multimaterial, urban and similar waste such as: beverage packaging, plastics, Bag-in-Box (BIB), paper, Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), among others, from the municipalities covered by LIPOR, between the years 2021 to 2023. For this area, the aim was also to find out what multimaterial recovery potential exists in undifferentiated waste. This work also analyzes whether these municipalities are complying with national legislation and European Union (EU) directives on the recycling and disposal of solid waste. The methodology used was a descriptive case study with a quantitative approach, which was carried out using surveys, observation, analysis of statistical data, company reports and financial reports, in order to obtain answers to the research questions. With the research, it was possible to identify and quantify the municipal waste recovered between 2021 and 2023, as well as the value per ton of multimaterials and the estimated value of these materials in Undifferentiated Waste (RI). It was also concluded that Portugal did not meet the targets set out in the Strategic Plan for Urban Waste 2020 (PERSU 2020). As for LIPOR, it was found that it had met the targets, although waste incineration contributes to non-compliance with national targets, and it should increase its multi-material recovery rate and its percentage of preparation for reuse and recycling (PRR) in order to meet the targets set out in the Strategic Plan for Urban Waste 2030 (PERSU 2030).
This research analyzes the economic return generated by the recovery of multimaterial, urban and similar waste such as: beverage packaging, plastics, Bag-in-Box (BIB), paper, Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), among others, from the municipalities covered by LIPOR, between the years 2021 to 2023. For this area, the aim was also to find out what multimaterial recovery potential exists in undifferentiated waste. This work also analyzes whether these municipalities are complying with national legislation and European Union (EU) directives on the recycling and disposal of solid waste. The methodology used was a descriptive case study with a quantitative approach, which was carried out using surveys, observation, analysis of statistical data, company reports and financial reports, in order to obtain answers to the research questions. With the research, it was possible to identify and quantify the municipal waste recovered between 2021 and 2023, as well as the value per ton of multimaterials and the estimated value of these materials in Undifferentiated Waste (RI). It was also concluded that Portugal did not meet the targets set out in the Strategic Plan for Urban Waste 2020 (PERSU 2020). As for LIPOR, it was found that it had met the targets, although waste incineration contributes to non-compliance with national targets, and it should increase its multi-material recovery rate and its percentage of preparation for reuse and recycling (PRR) in order to meet the targets set out in the Strategic Plan for Urban Waste 2030 (PERSU 2030).
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Keywords
Gestão de resíduos Reciclagem Valorização de resíduos sólidos urbanos Economia circular Waste management Recycling Recovery of urban solid waste Circular economy