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Abstract(s)
Os sistemas SHM (Structural Health Monitoring), quando aplicados a estruturas reais, representam ferramentas poderosas que garantem a avaliação da segurança e auxiliam a elaboração de um plano de manutenção eficaz. Um dos principais objetivos destes sistemas passa pela monitorização do comportamento estrutural sob o efeito de ações operacionais e ambientais, e pela aplicação de técnicas de deteção de dano, com alarmes automáticos no caso da deteção de valores anormais. No entanto, a conceção de um sistema SHM viável e robusto carece de uma validação das técnicas de deteção de dano que dificilmente é conseguida em pontes reais. Neste contexto, a utilização de modelos laboratoriais é essencial. O presente documento apresenta as fases de elaboração de um sistema SHM, aplicado a um modelo laboratorial à escala reduzida, de uma estrutura metálica que simula o tabuleiro de uma ponte. Pretende- -se com este modelo o desenvolvimento e a verificação de métodos de deteção de dano, induzindo cenários de danos realistas. Para o efeito, foram desenvolvidas diferentes soluções de instrumentação, diversas hipóteses de solicitação da estrutura e de cenários de dano, e exploradas técnicas de processamento de dados. Tendo por base os resultados experimentais recolhidos, procede-se à calibração de um modelo numérico que dá suporte a uma análise detalhada do comportamento estrutural.
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems, when applied to real structures, are a powerful tool to ensure safety and to support their maintenance. One of the main objectives of these systems consists in monitoring the structural behavior under operational and environmental variations and applying damage detection techniques, with automatic generation of alarms in case of abnormal behavior. However, integral application of robust and reliable SHM systems requires the performance evaluation of damage detection techniques which is rarely possible to obtain in full-scale bridges. In this context, the use of laboratorial models is essential. The document presents the implementation of a SHM system applied to a reduced-scale laboratorial model of a metallic structure that simulates the deck of a bridge. The main objective of this model is the development and validation of damage detection methods by inducing practical damages under controlled, although realistic, conditions. In addition, aiming at increasing reliability and robustness, different solutions for structural instrumentation, as well as data processing techniques are assessed. Based on the laboratorial results, a numerical model is calibrated which supports a detailed analysis of the structural behavior.
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems, when applied to real structures, are a powerful tool to ensure safety and to support their maintenance. One of the main objectives of these systems consists in monitoring the structural behavior under operational and environmental variations and applying damage detection techniques, with automatic generation of alarms in case of abnormal behavior. However, integral application of robust and reliable SHM systems requires the performance evaluation of damage detection techniques which is rarely possible to obtain in full-scale bridges. In this context, the use of laboratorial models is essential. The document presents the implementation of a SHM system applied to a reduced-scale laboratorial model of a metallic structure that simulates the deck of a bridge. The main objective of this model is the development and validation of damage detection methods by inducing practical damages under controlled, although realistic, conditions. In addition, aiming at increasing reliability and robustness, different solutions for structural instrumentation, as well as data processing techniques are assessed. Based on the laboratorial results, a numerical model is calibrated which supports a detailed analysis of the structural behavior.
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Keywords
Structural Health Monitoring Modelo laboratorial à escala reduzida Estrutura metálica Carga móvel Análise numérica Deteção de dano Structural Health Monitoring Reduced-scale laboratorial model Metallic structure Moving load Thermal load Numerical analysis Damage detection