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Abstract(s)
Os professores/as são uma classe profissional envelhecida e a falta de professores/as
nas escolas vai ser um problema a curto prazo. A profissão deixou de ser atrativa e cada vez
menos jovens querem ser professores/as, pois não querem ter uma carreira com pouca
estabilidade e relativamente mal remunerada. Existe um desencontro de gerações e se não
existir uma inversão da situação a breve prazo, o capital de conhecimento acumulado pelos
docentes com mais experiência não será transmitido às gerações mais novas de
professores/as, porque simplesmente os jovens professores/as não estão presentes.
Atualmente, em Portugal, os professores/as com mais de 55 anos de idade são mais de 40
mil e metade dos professores/as do quadro pode aposentar-se até 2030. Tendo em conta
este contexto, o objetivo geral do estudo foi analisar o impacto do envelhecimento docente
num determinado Agrupamento de Escolas. O nosso estudo de caso, segue uma abordagem
de metodologia de investigação mista. Procedemos à recolha de dados através do inquérito
por questionário e inquérito por entrevista semiestruturada, triangulando os vários
elementos recolhidos com a análise documental efetuada. O estudo incidiu numa primeira
fase nos professores/as em exercício na organização, com mais de 45 anos, desde o ensino
pré-escolar até ao ensino secundário, aos quais foi aplicado um inquérito por questionário.
Numa segunda fase foi aplicada uma entrevista semiestruturada a uma amostra de 6
professores/as (3 homens e 3 mulheres), desde o primeiro ciclo ao ensino secundário, de
forma a recolher uma análise narrativa da vida de cada um dos professores/as, no sentido de
perceber a “história de vida”, relacionando-a com o tema de estudo. No que respeita aos
principais resultados obtidos, é possível percecionar os diferentes impactos que o
envelhecimento provoca, dependendo de fatores intrínsecos dos docentes, bem como de
fatores internos e externos da organização. No final, com base nos dados recolhidos,
propomos um plano de ação que visa menorizar os efeitos do envelhecimento nos docentes
e na organização, sugerindo medidas e ações para todos aqueles que continuam a
manifestar o desejo de contribuir para a educação de uma sociedade em que querem ser
cidadãos ativos, mesmo depois da reforma.
Teachers are an aging professional class and the lack of teachers in schools will be a problem in the short term. The profession is no longer attractive and fewer and fewer young people want to be teachers, as they do not want to have a career with little stability and relatively low pay. There is a mismatch between generations and if there is no reversal of the situation in the short term, the capital of knowledge accumulated by teachers with more experience will not be passed on to younger generations of teachers, because young teachers are simply not present. Currently, in Portugal, there are more than 40 thousand teachers over 55 years old and half of the teachers on staff may retire by 2030. Taking this context into account, the general objective of the study was to analyze the impact of teacher aging in a given group of schools. Our case study follows a mixed research methodology approach. We collected data through questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview survey, triangulating the various elements collected with the document analysis carried out. The study initially focused on working teachers in the organisation, over 45 years old, from pre-school education to secondary education, to whom a questionnaire survey was applied. In a second phase, a semi-structured interview was applied to a sample of 6 teachers (3 men and 3 women), from the first cycle to secondary education, in order to collect a narrative analysis of the life of each of the teachers, in the sense of perceiving the “life story”, relating it to the subject of study. With regard to the main results obtained, it is possible to perceive the different impacts that aging causes, depending on intrinsic factors of the teachers, as well as internal and external factors of the organization. In the end, based on the collected data, we propose an action plan that aims to lessen the effects of aging on teachers and on the organization, suggesting measures and actions for all those who continue to express the desire to contribute to the education of a society in which they want to be active citizens, even after retirement.
Teachers are an aging professional class and the lack of teachers in schools will be a problem in the short term. The profession is no longer attractive and fewer and fewer young people want to be teachers, as they do not want to have a career with little stability and relatively low pay. There is a mismatch between generations and if there is no reversal of the situation in the short term, the capital of knowledge accumulated by teachers with more experience will not be passed on to younger generations of teachers, because young teachers are simply not present. Currently, in Portugal, there are more than 40 thousand teachers over 55 years old and half of the teachers on staff may retire by 2030. Taking this context into account, the general objective of the study was to analyze the impact of teacher aging in a given group of schools. Our case study follows a mixed research methodology approach. We collected data through questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview survey, triangulating the various elements collected with the document analysis carried out. The study initially focused on working teachers in the organisation, over 45 years old, from pre-school education to secondary education, to whom a questionnaire survey was applied. In a second phase, a semi-structured interview was applied to a sample of 6 teachers (3 men and 3 women), from the first cycle to secondary education, in order to collect a narrative analysis of the life of each of the teachers, in the sense of perceiving the “life story”, relating it to the subject of study. With regard to the main results obtained, it is possible to perceive the different impacts that aging causes, depending on intrinsic factors of the teachers, as well as internal and external factors of the organization. In the end, based on the collected data, we propose an action plan that aims to lessen the effects of aging on teachers and on the organization, suggesting measures and actions for all those who continue to express the desire to contribute to the education of a society in which they want to be active citizens, even after retirement.
Description
Keywords
Envelhecimento Qualidade Percurso Futuro Motivação Aging Quality Route Future Motivation
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico do Porto. Escola Superior de Educação