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- Study of the Risk of Ankle Injury During Impact on the Ground and Definition of Support OrthosesPublication . Vieira, Helder; Ferraz, T.; Sousa, T.; Martins, I.; Marques, Maria Arcelina; Reis, SaraThis work studies the effect of different orthoses on preventing injuries in the ankle-foot joint. It was carried out using OpenSim and the available ankle-foot musculoskeletal model and AFO orthoses models. The motion situation assessed is related to placing the foot on the ground. It is also analyzed how a passive ankle-foot orthosis, muscles reflexes and muscle coactivation influence the risk of injury, namely during ankle inversion. Results indicate that muscle coactivation and the use of an AFO can reduce injury risk. Thus, an average stiffness AFO is best suited for preventing ankle injuries.
- Real-time Modeling of Abnormal Physiological Signals in a Phantom for Bioengineering EducationPublication . Vieira, Helder; Costa, Nelson; Coelho, Luis Filipe Pinto; Alves, JoaquimIn clinical practice and in particular in the diagnostic process, the assessment of cardiac and respiratory functions is supported by electrocardiogram and auscultation. These exams are non-invasive, quick and inexpensive to perform and easy to interpret. For these reasons, this type of assessment is a constant in the daily life of a clinician and the information obtained is central to the decision making process. Therefore, it is essential that during their training, students of health-related subjects acquire skills in the acquisition and evaluation of the referred physiological signals. Simulation, considering the technological possibilities of today, is an excellent preparation tool since it exposes trainees to near real contexts but without the associated risks. Hence, the simulation of physiological signals plays an important role in the education of healthcare professionals, bioengineering professionals and also in the development and calibration of medical devices. This paper describes a project to develop synchronized electrocardiogram (ECG), phonocardiogram (PCG) and breathing sounds simulators that aims to improve an existing phantom simulator. The developed system allows, in an integrated way, to generate normal and pathological signals, being contemplated several distinct pathologies. For engineering education, it is also possible to simulate the introduction of signal disturbances or hardware malfunctions. A graphical interface allows changing operating parameters in real time.