Loading...
19 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 19
- Laboratorial Microgrid Emulation Based on Distributed Control ArchitecturePublication . Abrishambaf, Omid; Faria, Pedro; Vale, ZitaPower systems worldwide are complex and challenging environments. The increasing necessity for an adequate integration of renewable energy sources is resulting in a rising complexity in power systems operation. Multiagent based simulation platforms have proven to be a good option to study the several issues related to these systems. This paper presents an emulation of a laboratorial microgrid based on distributed control architecture. The proposed model contains real consumption and generation resources, including consumer load, photovoltaic, and wind turbine emulator. Also, a web-based graphical interface has been designed in order to monitor and control the microgrid. In this system, there are four main agents, which are connected by means of a communication network capable of sharing and exchanging information to achieve the overall system’s goal. The performance of the distributed architecture is demonstrated in order to observe the applicability of the agents and their collaboration abilities. The results of the paper show in practice that how a distributed control based microgrid manages its resources, and how it reacts if there is a fault or no activity on them.
- Lighting Consumption Optimization in an Office Building for Demand Response ParticipationPublication . Khorram Ghahfarrokhi, Mahsa; Faria, Pedro; Abrishambaf, Omid; Vale, ZitaDue to daily increment of electricity demand all around the world, the use of renewable energy resources and the methods of energy optimization are being important. Since the lighting systems have a pivotal role in the energy consumption of the buildings, the optimization of the lighting system should be effective. Hence, the focus of this paper is to minimize the lights consumption of an office building, while participating in demand response programs. The methodology of this work is proposed as a linear optimization problem that manages the generation of a renewable energy resource, which supplies a part of the energy consumption of the building. The lighting system of the building consists of the several laboratorial and commercial equipment, utilizing different communication interfaces. For the case studies, the amount of the renewable energy generation, total consumption of building, and the consumption of the lights in a real research building are considered.
- SCADA Office Building Implementation in the Context of an AggregatorPublication . Abrishambaf, Omid; Faria, Pedro; Vale, ZitaThis paper at first presents an aggregation model including optimization tools for optimal resource scheduling and aggregating, and then, it proposes a real implemented SCADA system in an office building for decision support techniques and participating in demand response events. The aggregator model controls and manages the consumption and generation of customers by establishing contract with them. The SCADA based office building presented in this paper is considered as a customer of proposed aggregation model. In the case study, a distribution network with 21 buses, including 20 consumers and 26 distributed generations, is proposed for the aggregator network, and optimal resource scheduling of aggregator, and performance of implemented SCADA system for the office building, will be surveyed. The scientific contribution of this paper is to address from an optimization-based aggregator model to a SCADA based customer.
- Implementation of a Real-Time Microgrid Simulation Platform Based on Centralized and Distributed ManagementPublication . Abrishambaf, Omid; Faria, Pedro; Gomes, Luis; Spínola, João; Vale, Zita; Corchado, JuanDemand response and distributed generation are key components of power systems. Several challenges are raised at both technical and business model levels for integration of those resources in smart grids and microgrids. The implementation of a distribution network as a test bed can be difficult and not cost-effective; using computational modeling is not sufficient for producing realistic results. Real-time simulation allows us to validate the business model’s impact at the technical level. This paper comprises a platform supporting the real-time simulation of a microgrid connected to a larger distribution network. The implemented platform allows us to use both centralized and distributed energy resource management. Using an optimization model for the energy resource operation, a virtual power player manages all the available resources. Then, the simulation platform allows us to technically validate the actual implementation of the requested demand reduction in the scope of demand response programs. The case study has 33 buses, 220 consumers, and 68 distributed generators. It demonstrates the impact of demand response events, also performing resource management in the presence of an energy shortage.
- Application of an optimization-based curtailment service provider in real-time simulationPublication . Abrishambaf, Omid; Faria, Pedro; Vale, ZitaThe use of demand response programs and distributed renewable energy resources are intensively discussed. These concepts play a key role in the distribution network, especially smart grids and microgrids. Nowadays, most of the implemented demand response programs are considered for large-scale resources, which make small and medium resources unable to participate in electricity market negotiations. In order to overcome this barrier, a third-party entity, namely an aggregator, can be considered as an intermediate player between the demand side and grid side. For this purpose, curtailment service provider is considered as an aggregator, which aggregates small and medium-scale resources, who do not have adequate capacity of reduction or generation and allow them to participate in wholesale electricity markets as a unique resource. However, before massive implementation of business models, the performance of the curtailment service provider should be adequately surveyed and validated in order to prevent future problems. This paper proposes a real-time simulation model of a curtailment service provider, which employs several real and laboratory hardware equipment considered as hardware-in-the-loop in the real-time simulator. Furthermore, an optimization problem is developed for a curtailment service provider in order to optimally schedule the available resources including several demand response programs and distributed renewable resources, aiming at minimizing its operation costs. The implemented case study considers a distribution network with 20 consumers and prosumers, and 26 renewable-based producers including wind and photovoltaic generation, where the developed model is performed in real-time for 12 min and behaviors of small and medium prosumers and producers is surveyed.
- Real-Time Demand Response Program Implementation Using Curtailment Service ProviderPublication . Abrishambaf, Omid; Faria, Pedro; Vale, ZitaNowadays, electricity network operators obligated to utilize the new concepts of power system, such as demand response program, due to peak shaving or reducing the power congestion in the peak periods. These types of management programs have a minimum capacity level for the consumers who tend to participate. This makes small and medium scale consumer incapable to participate in these programs. Therefore, a third party entity, such as a Curtailment Service Provider, can be a solution for this barrier since it is a bridge between the demand side and grid side. This paper provides a real-time simulation of a curtailment service provider that utilize realtime demand response programs for small and medium consumers and prosumers. The case study of the paper represents a network with 220 consumers and 68 distributed generations, which aims at the behavior of two small and medium scale prosumers during a real-time demand response program.
- Use of Sensors and Analyzers Data for Load Forecasting: A Two Stage ApproachPublication . Ramos, Daniel; Teixeira, Brigida; Faria, Pedro; Gomes, Luis; Abrishambaf, Omid; Vale, ZitaThe increase in sensors in buildings and home automation bring potential information to improve buildings' energy management. One promissory field is load forecasting, where the inclusion of other sensors' data in addition to load consumption may improve the forecasting results. However, an adequate selection of sensor parameters to use as input to the load forecasting should be done. In this paper, a methodology is proposed that includes a two-stage approach to improve the use of sensor data for a specific building. As an innovation, in the first stage, the relevant sensor data is selected for each specific building, while in the second stage, the load forecast is updated according to the actual forecast error. When a certain error is reached, the forecasting algorithm (Artificial Neural Network or K-Nearest Neighbors) is trained with the most recent data instead of training the algorithm every time. Data collection is provided by a prototype of agent-based sensors developed by the authors in order to support the proposed methodology. In this case study, data over a period of six months with five-minute time intervals regarding eight types of sensors are used. These data have been adapted from an office building to illustrate the advantages of the proposed methodology.
- Application of a Home Energy Management System for Incentive-Based Demand Response Program ImplementationPublication . Abrishambaf, Omid; Fotouhi Ghazvini, Mohammad Ali; Gomes, Luis; Faria, Pedro; Vale, Zita; Corchado, Juan M.This paper presents an experimental real-time implementation of an incentive-based demand response program with hardware demonstration of a home energy management system. This system controls the electricity consumption of a residential electricity customer. For this purpose, the real consumption and generation profiles of a typical Portuguese household equipped with a home-scale photovoltaic system are employed. These profiles are simulated by the real-time digital simulator using real hardware resources. In the case studies, three different scenarios are simulated for a period of 24 hours with the consideration of the demand response programs and a 2 kW photovoltaic system. Different pricing scenarios are considered and the performance of the home energy management system is evaluated under each scenario. The focus is given to demonstrate how a home-scale photovoltaic system, and demand response programs, especially load-shifting scenario, can be cost-effective in the daily electricity costs of the residential customers.
- Office building participation in demand response programs supported by intelligent lighting managementPublication . Khorram Ghahfarrokhi, Mahsa; Abrishambaf, Omid; Faria, Pedro; Vale, ZitaAccording to importance of demand response programs in smart grids and microgrids, many efforts have been made to change the consumption patterns of the users, and the use of renewable resources has also increased. Significant part of energy consumption belongs to buildings such as residential, commercial, and office buildings. Many buildings are equipping with components that can be used for the participation in demand response programs. The SCADA system plays a key role in this context, which enables the building operator to have control and monitor the consumption and generation. This paper presents a real implementation of an optimization based SCADA system, which employs several controlling and monitoring methods in order to manage the consumption and generation of the building for decision support and participating in demand response events. Since the air conditioning devices are suitable controllable appliances for direct load control demand response, and lighting system as flexible loads for reduction and curtailment, they can play a key role in the scope of demand response programs. In this system, several real controller components manage the consumption of lighting system and air conditioning of the building based on an optimization model. In the case study of the paper, the SCADA system is considered as a player of an aggregation model, which is considered as demand response managing entity, and its performance during demand response events will be surveyed. The obtained results show that with adequate small reduction in the lighting system and air conditioning devices, the electricity customers are able to actively participate in the electricity markets using demand response programs and also for internal efficient use of electricity.
- Ramping of Demand Response Event with Deploying Distinct Programs by an AggregatorPublication . Abrishambaf, Omid; Faria, Pedro; Vale, ZitaSystem operators have moved towards the integration of renewable resources. However, these resources make network management unstable as they have variations in produced energy. Thus, some strategic plans, like demand response programs, are required to overcome these concerns. This paper develops an aggregator model with a precise vision of the demand response timeline. The model at first discusses the role of an aggregator, and thereafter is presented an innovative approach to how the aggregator deals with short and real-time demand response programs. A case study is developed for the model using real-time simulator and laboratory resources to survey the performance of the model under practical challenges. The real-time simulation uses an OP5600 machine that controls six laboratory resistive loads. Furthermore, the actual consumption profiles are adapted from the loads with a small-time step to precisely survey the behavior of each load. Also, remuneration costs of the event during the case study have been calculated and compared using both actual and simulated demand reduction profiles in the periods prior to event, such as the ramp period