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- Towards an in-shoe pneumatic insole to plantar injury prevention in diabetic footPublication . Castro-Martins, Pedro; Coelho, Luis; Vaz, Mário; Pinto, Marcelino; Marques, Maria ArcelinaDiabetic foot is a serious complication of diabetes that affects millions of people around the world. It is characterized by poor circulation, nerve damage and high plantar pressure that can lead to the development of foot ulcers and amputations. Offloading plantar pressure in certain regions is extremely important. In this paper we propose a preliminary methodology for a new concept of pneumatic insole for plantar pressure offloading. It consists of an insole with pockets, located in critical regions of the diabetic foot, which can be inflated or deflated to maintain adequate pressure. The main goal of this work is to select the most suitable fluid for the system and that provides a better applicability for this new solution, describing its pros and cons. When analyzing the results, the use of compressed air as a fluid to regulate the pressure in the insole pockets stood out as the most appropriate and advantageous option compared to other gaseous or liquid fluids. Liquid fluids have negative aspects, such as the risk of damaging electronic components in case of leaks and the need for additional reservoirs. In addition, air has a better thermal insulation capacity and does not pose a risk of toxicity, an important aspect for a system that will be in direct contact with the diabetic foot. The availability and zero cost of air, its lightness, and the absence of the need for reservoirs make the pneumatic insole more accessible and low cost, also providing greater cushioning, shock absorption and pressure redistribution.
- Conceito de pressão variável para prevenção ativa da ulceração no pé diabéticoPublication . Castro-Martins, Pedro; Marques, Arcelina; Coelho, Luís; Vaz, Mário(Introdução) O pé diabético é uma designação usada para diversos problemas nos pés causados por complicações da diabetes, como neuropatia e doença vascular periférica, que aumentam o risco de lesão, infeção, ulceração e amputação. A pressão plantar elevada dentro do sapato é um fator de risco para lesões (Schaperetal, 2024). Soluções como palmilhas para monitorizar a pressão plantar e sapatos para aliviar a pressão são projetadas para minimizar esse problema. No entanto, esses dispositivos são passivos e frequentemente apresentam baixa adesão dos pacientes, resultando em elevado absentismo (Jarletal, 2020).