ESS - CF - Posters apresentados em eventos científicos
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- Acetil-L-Carnitina como neuroprotetor na excitotoxicidade do glutamatoPublication . Casais, Joana; Lobo, Andrea; Summavielle, TeresaA excitotoxicidade consiste na ativação excessiva de recetores de glutamato, causada pela acumulação extracelular deste neurotransmissor. A ativação dos recetores de glutamato promove o aumento excessivo da concentração intracelular de cálcio e morte neuronal associada à ativação de protéases como calpaínas e caspases - acontecimentos típicos de patologias como isquémia cerebral, Alzheimer, Parkinson e Huntington. A acetil-L-carnitina (ALC) é um éster da L-carnitina com funções neuroprotetoras, mas o mecanismo envolvido permanece desconhecido.
- Antipsychotic therapy and biochemical laboratory profile characterization of a sample of patients diagnosed with schizophreniaPublication . Amorim, Manuela; Moreira, A.; Condeço, Jorge; Monteiro, Pedro; Marques, António; Summavielle, TeresaSchizophrenia (SCZ) patients are reported to present significant abnormalities in lipid and glucose metabolism, that increase the risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes, possibly induced by antipsychotic therapy (APT) and lifestyle.
- Characterization of cellular and molecular effects of lycopene on human bone cellsPublication . Costa-Rodrigues, João; Fernandes, Maria Helena; Pinho, Olívia; Monteiro, PedroBone is a dynamic tissue that undergoes continuous remodeling. This process is modulated by numerous factors, among which is oxidative stress. Mainly due to its high antioxidant potential, lycopene has been linked to a decreased risk of some chronic diseases, including osteoporosis, but the characterization of lycopene effects on bone tissue remains to be elucidated.
- Deciphering neuroimmune interactions in alcohol intake in mouse model of intermittent access in male and femalePublication . Pacheco, Raquel; Canedo, Teresa; Rodrigues, Ana M.; Moreira, Joana; Relvas, João B.; Socodato, Renato; Summavielle, Teresa; Summavielle, TeresaExcessive alcohol consumption continues to pose a significant global health challenge, with detrimental effects on millions of individuals. Our laboratory has shown that alcohol exposure triggers reactive changes in astrocytes, including alterations in gene expression, activity, and proliferation, while also affecting microglial morphology and immune responses. We are to characterizing the effects of chronic alcohol consumption using a wellestablished voluntary alcohol drinking model in adult mice, to investigate the impact of chronic alcohol exposure on the prefrontal cortex (PFC), focusing on glial cell morphology, synaptic density, and behaviour. Mice are exposed to intermittent “every-other-day” (EOD) access to alcohol 15% (v/v) for 3 weeks, and behaviourally tested for anxiety, depression and memory, before sacrifice at 21 days of alcohol, or at 7 days of withdrawal. Brains were processed for glial cell analysis. Our preliminary findings revealed sex-specific responses following chronic alcohol exposure. Male mice exhibited increased astrocyte volume in the ventromedial PFC (vmPFC) and hyper-ramification in the ventrolateral PFC (vlPFC), whereas females displayed reductions in astrocyte size and complexity. Microglia morphology also differed between sexes, with females showing increased cell volume and males displaying reduced microglial volume in the vlPFC. These results suggest distinctive immune and synaptic responses to ethanol in males and females. Of note, we observed heightened inhibitory synapse density in the male PFC, while females exhibited increased excitatory synapse density. We are now conducting a proteomic analysis of PFC synaptosomes to identify important molecular targets in the crosstalk between neuros and glial cells. With this work we expect to clarify the complex interplay between chronic ethanol exposure, sex, and PFC function, find also new targets for innovative therapeutic approaches.
- Deciphering the astrocytic and synaptic changes under chronic alcohol exposure using a self-administration paradigmPublication . Rodrigues, Ana Margarida; Canedo, Teresa; Terceiro, Ana Filipa; Tedim-Moreira, Joana; Silva, Ana Isabel; Magalhães, Ana; Relvas, João; Summavielle, TeresaDrug abuse is characterized by a compulsive and persistent drug-seeking behaviour, despite the harmful emotional, physical and social consequences. Our laboratory has previously found that the neuronal-glial crosstalk is critical in relaying the changes caused by acute exposure to psychoactive drugs through neuroimmune mechanisms. We have also reported that microglia can engulf postsynaptic components in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of mice after repeated alcohol exposure and this led to increased anxiety in mice. The adverse effects of alcohol on the central nervous system (CNS) are well described, with astrocytes becoming reactive and displaying changes in gene expression, activity and proliferation. However, the mechanisms involved are not yet fully understood. We are currently characterizing the astrocytic response under chronic alcohol consumption, taking into account the crucial interaction between neuronal and glial cells in the development and maintenance of addiction. Using a well-established voluntary alcohol drinking paradigm, we are evaluating alcohol-associated changes in PFC astrocytes, synapses and their behavioural correlates. Our preliminary results indicate similar alcohol consumption patterns between males and females, however, males, but not females, present altered weight gain and experience a significant increase in inhibitory synapse density after chronic exposure to ethanol when compared to the control group. Our work is contributing to a better understanding of the impact of chronic alcohol intake and may lead to the development of new strategies for pharmacological intervention in drug addiction, based on the targets identified as critical for the neuronal-glial crosstalk.
- Early-life exposure to non-nutritive sweeteners: effects on hepatic FGF21 pathways and mitochondrial functionPublication . Brandão, Sofia; Bracchi, Isabella; Felipe, Stela Mirla; Magalhães, José; Keating, Elisa; Negrão, RitaTo combat obesity, diets and food products containing non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS), which provide sweetness without caloric intake, have gained popularity, even among pregnant women who reported intentional NNS consumption during gestation. In 2023, the World Health Organization warned about NNS consumption, as their long-term effects may be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and mortality. Importantly, the environment during early life can induce permanent changes in metabolic health in adult life, suggesting that fetal exposure to NNS may induce long-term metabolic dysfunction in offspring. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a key regulator of metabolic homeostasis. So, this branch of the MHSWEET project aims to study the effects of Rebaudioside A (RebA, the major sweetener component of stevia) exposure during the perigestational period on hepatic lipid metabolism of adult offspring and the involvement of FGF21. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were administered RebA in the drinking water or water as control from 4 weeks before mating until weaning. Food and beverage consumption, morphometric parameters, fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity were measured before sacrifice at 10 months of age. Functionality of G1 hepatic mitochondria (OROBOROS® Oxygraph-2k system), hepatic triglyceride levels (Oil-Red-O staining), genes involved in hepatic lipid metabolic pathways and inflammation (RT-PCR) will be evaluated. The results obtained so far, showed that RebA exposure increased body weight in adult female offspring and induced dysglycemia in adult male offspring. The remaining studies are still being conducted. Results seem to support the hypothesis that intrauterine exposure to RebA may program offspring to a dysmetabolic state. These results will be useful to improve knowledge, and support public health policies regarding NNS use throughout life.
- Efeito de uma sessão de exercício físico associao à transferência elétrica capacitiva resistivaPublication . Noites, Andreia; Vale, Ana Luísa Pinto; Pereira, Ana Sofia Teixeira; Morais, Andreia Sofia Silva; Amorim, Manuela; Moreira, Teresa; Vilarinho, RuiA acumulação de tecido adiposo na região abdominal é um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. No sentido de procurar estratégias que atuem sobre a adiposidade abdominal, a radiofrequência e o exercício físico surgem como aliados, permitindo elevar o metabolismo celular potenciando a lipólise. Verificar se uma sessão de Transferência Elétrica Capacitiva abdominal associada a uma sessão de exercício físico aeróbio moderado é mais eficaz ao nível da lipólise do que uma sessão de exercício físico isolado. Este estudo randomizado controlado duplamente cego, contou com a participação de 30 indivíduos saudáveis do sexo feminino, distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos, um grupo experimental (n=15) e um grupo placebo (n= 15). Os participantes alocados ao grupo experimental foram sujeitos a uma sessão de Transferência Elétrica Capacitiva abdominal seguida de exercício físico aeróbio de intensidade moderada. O grupo placebo realizou o protocolo de RF com intensidade de zero watts, seguido do protocolo de exercício físico aeróbio semelhante ao do grupo experimental. Foram realizadas análises sanguíneas antes e após o protocolo de intervenção de forma a determinar alterações no perfil lipídico e na concentração de glicerol. O estudo foi aprovado pela comissão de ética da Escola Superior de Saúde- Politécnico do Porto (registo nº 1351/2018). Não foram observadas alterações significativas nas concentrações de glicerol entre os grupos (p>0,05), verificando-se, entre momentos, um aumento estatisticamente significativo desta variável nos dois grupos. Não foram detectadas alterações nas restantes componentes lipídicas entre grupos após intervenção e entre os dois momentos de avaliação (p>0,05). Não se verificou o aumento da lipólise quando se associou a Transferência Elétrica Capacitiva Resistiva ao exercício físico, sugerindo que o efeito desta técnica pode ocorrer por outros mecanismos.
- Efeitos do exercício físico aeróbio combinado com tranferência elétrica capacitiva E R.Publication . Noites, Andreia; Vale, Ana Luísa Pinto; Pereira, Ana Sofia Teixeira; Morais, Andreia Sofia Silva; Carvalho, Paulo; Mendonça, Adriana; Vilarinho, RuiA acumulação de tecido adiposo na região abdominal é um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. No sentido de procurar estratégias que atuem sobre a adiposidade abdominal, a Transferência Elétrica Capacitiva Resistiva e o exercício físico surgem como aliados, permitindo intervir nas medidas antropométricas, indicadoras desse risco. Verificar as diferenças provocadas nas medidas antropométricas por quatro sessões de um protocolo de transferência elétrica capacitiva resistiva abdominal combinada com exercício físico aeróbio, quando comparado com exercício físico aeróbio isolado. ambos os protocolos após quatro sessões nas medidas antropométricas. Este estudo randomizado controlado duplamente cego, contou com a participação de 28 indivíduos, distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos, o grupo experimental (n=14) e placebo (n=14). Foram realizadas 4 sessões, com um intervalo mínimo de 24 horas entre elas. Os participantes alocados ao grupo experimental foram sujeitos a uma sessão de Transferência Elétrica Capacitiva abdominal seguida de exercício físico aeróbio de intensidade moderada. O grupo placebo realizou o protocolo de Transferência Elétrica Capacitiva com intensidade de zero watts, seguido do protocolo de exercício físico aeróbio semelhante ao do grupo experimental. Procedeu-se à avaliação das medidas antropométricas, nomeadamente perímetro da cintura, rácio cintura/altura e à medição da espessura de tecido adiposo subcutâneo com recurso à ultrassonografia, antes do início da intervenção e imediatamente após a quarta sessão. O estudo foi aprovado pela comissão de ética da Escola Superior de Saúde- Politécnico do Porto (registo nrº 1351/2018). Observaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas em todas as medidas (p<0,05), sendo que o GE apresentou uma diminuição significativa destas variáveis (p<0,05). A associação da radiofrequência com o exercício físico parece ser um meio coadjuvante na redução do tecido adiposo abdominal em indivíduos do sexo feminino saudáveis.
- Effects of embryonic exposure to venlafaxine on a zebrafish modelPublication . Barros, Eduarda; Abreu, Isabel; Guimarães, Laura; Melo, PedroMajor depressive disorder affects over 350 million people around the world, and might result from a complex interaction of epigenetic, genetic, environmental and developmental factors. Antidepressants are a class of neuroactive compounds that are used mostly in the treatment of clinically severe mood and anxiety disorders, and can be divided into three major classes: tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The boost on antidepressants’ prescription and consumption is related to an increase in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and knowledge of mental health problems. These are considered emerging pollutants due to their omnipresence at trace levels in the environment. Nonetheless, the lack of knowledge concerning their impact on the environment, and consequently on aquatic species, highlights this topic as a pivotal concern. Even in low concentrations, antidepressants may cause several effects on the aquatic environment as a result of disturbing homeostasis throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems, both in vertebrates and in vertebrates, and by modifying the regulation of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. Zebrafish (Danio rerio), an aquatic vertebrate species, is one of the most important model organisms in developmental biology, considered extremely valuable for the study of translational neuroscience of complex human brain disorders, being particularly useful for studying genetic and pharmacological mechanisms of depression and antidepressant action.
- Effects of one session of physical exercise associated to abdominal microcurrent in the global lipolytic ratePublication . Vilarinho, Rui; Noites, Andreia; Couto, Miriam; Monteiro, Pedro; Melo, Cristina; Amorim, Manuela; Moreira, AnabelaDuring aerobic exercise lipid sources are global. Since the decrease of central obesity has more health gains, it's important to promote an increase in lipolysis from the abdominal region. Analyze the effect of one session of aerobic exercise associated to microcurrent in the adipose tissue of abdominal region in the global lipolytic rate through the values of glycerol in plasma.
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