Browsing by Author "Fernandes, L."
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- Comparison of the frailty phenotype and the Tilburg Frailty Indicator regarding the prediction of quality of life in a two-year follow-upPublication . Coelho, Tiago; Paúl, C.; Fernandes, L.Frail individuals are highly vulnerable to minor stressful events, presenting a higher risk for adverse health outcomes (e.g. falls, disability, hospitalization), which can lead to a decline in quality of life (QoL). In this context, an early screening of elderly frailty is of crucial importance.
- A critical review on the numerical simulation related to Physical Vapour DepositionPublication . Pinto, Gustavo Filipe; Silva, F.J.G.; Porteiro, J.; Míguez, J.L.; Baptista, Andresa; Fernandes, L.Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) is a process usually used for the production of advanced coatings regarding its application in several industrial and current products, such as optical lens, moulds and dies, decorative parts or tools. This process has several variants due to its strong evolution along the last decades. The process is commonly assisted by plasma, creating a particular low pressure and medium temperature atmosphere, which is responsible for the transition of atomic particles between the target and the parts to be coated into a vacuum reactor. Several parameters are directly affecting the deposition, namely the substrate temperature, pressure inside the reactor, assisting gases used, type of current, power supply, bias, substrate and target materials, samples holder and corresponding rotation, deposition time, among others. Many mathematical models have been developed in order to allow the generation of numerical simulation applications, trying to combine parameters and expect the corresponding results. Numerical simulation applications were created around the mathematical models previously developed, which can play an important role in the prediction of the coating properties and structure. This paper intends to describe the numerical simulation evolution in the last years, namely the use of Finite Elements Method (FEM) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).
- Frailty: Comparison of Three Measures for the Prediction of Short-term Adverse OutcomesPublication . Coelho, Tiago; Paúl, C.; Fernandes, L.Frailty is a geriatric syndrome that entails an increased risk of clinically significant adverse outcomes. There are different approaches regarding frailty’s clinical operationalization.
- Minimizing the Adhesion Effects in Food Packages Forming by the Use of Advanced CoatingsPublication . Fernandes, L.; Silva, F.J.G.; Paiva, O.C.; Baptista, Andresa; Pinto, Gustavo FilipeThe metal packaging industry used for food application has undergone drastic changes in the demands of its final consumers. The raw material for these packages, is a low carbon steel coated with a thin layer of tin (2,0 g/m2), also known as tinplate. The stamping process of these packages occurs at room temperature and is critically influenced by the tin transfer from the steel surface to the tool surface, mainly due to the tin softness. This problem is easily solved using lubrification but the purpose of this study will be the reduction or even absence of lubricants during the process in order to comply with costumers’ requirements. A successful way to minimize the consumption of lubricants is to use tools which are coated with PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition) advanced coatings deposited with unbalanced magnetron sputtering technique. Thin WC (Tungsten Carbide) and CrCN (Chromium Carbonitride) coatings were deposited using PVD on tool stamping steel – AISI D2. Block on ring tribological tests were performed on the coatings against tinplate counterface in order to investigate their wear performance, with particular emphasis on the material transfer (tin) phenomena during the sliding tests. The results allowed for selecting the best coating tested with a view to avoid the tin adhesion to the die.
- On the Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD): Evolution of Magnetron Sputtering Processes for Industrial ApplicationsPublication . Baptista, Andresa; Silva, F.J.G.; Porteiro, J.; Míguez, J.L.; Pinto, Gustavo Filipe; Fernandes, L.Advanced coatings play an important role in a wide range of industrial applications. These coatings are commonly used in machining tools due to their high hardness and wear resistance, but also can be applied in jewellery and decorative purposes. Deposition techniques have seen a strong evolution as result of the directly related devices, control evolution and software. Several variants have been developed around the main techniques: arc evaporation and sputtering. The coatings produced present significant differences in their characteristics, namely in terms of structure, mechanical properties and surface morphology. Depending on the substrate material and application, the deposition process needs to be properly selected, providing the particular characteristics requested. This paper intends to do a critical review of the evolution of the advanced coatings deposition process, mainly focused on the Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) process, particularly in the Magnetron Sputtering technique, which is able to produce smooth surfaces, using lower temperatures, presenting excellent mechanical and tribological properties and having very good adhesion to the main materials used as substrate.
- Physical, Psychological and Social Frailty in Prediction of Disability and Quality of LifePublication . Coelho, Tiago; Paúl, C.; Fernandes, L.Frailty is a state of increased vulnerability that entails a high risk of adverse outcomes. While traditional approaches define frailty as an exclusively physical condition, there is an increasing number of authors that include psychological and social components in the conceptualization of the syndrome.