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ISEP – CIDEM – Livro, parte de livro, ou capítulo de livro

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http://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/177

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Browsing ISEP – CIDEM – Livro, parte de livro, ou capítulo de livro by Author "Brito, Marlene"

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  • A Diagnostic Analysis of Absenteeism—A Case Study in a Portuguese Cork Industry
    Publication . Silva, Alfredo; Ramos, Ana Luísa; Brito, Marlene; Ramos, António
    Absenteeism is defined as the absence of a worker from his or her workplace during a normal day’s work schedule and is seen as a problem which companies face every day. The absence of an employee can result in a significant drop in productivity and the company’s daily revenue can be negatively impacted by it, which when multiplied by the absence of multiple workers in different days can have a harmful impact on the company’s financial situation. However, most managers neither understand nor have looked into the causes of their absence issue. This study took place at a company which produces cork stoppers, which deals with a problem of high absenteeism that costs around 1,200,000€ per year to the company. The main goal of this study is to identify the sectors in this com- pany which have the highest percentage of absenteeism, quantify its impact on related outcomes and diagnose its causes. The results of this study show that most absenteeism occurs in production areas and the causes are related to musculo- skeletal problems. The consequences involve various costs to the company, some of them difficult to quantify.
    2020Book part Restricted access Show more
  • Ergonomic Analysis in Lean Manufacturing and Industry 4.0—A Systematic Review
    Publication . Brito, Marlene; Gonçalves, Maria Antónia; Ramos, Ana Luísa; Carneiro, Paula
    In 2015, the UN defined well-being and decent work/economic growth as two of 17 sustainable development objectives. Nevertheless, the extreme pressure for businesses to be competitive in their markets of choice seems to be having a negative effect on workers’ well-being. In the manufacturing sector, the effective inclusion of Ergonomics in processes and installations has been proven to decrease costs related to disability, extra or overtime hours, medical care and premiums or fines for occurrences. The aim of this work was to review the existing scientific knowledge about the impact of adopting LPS (Lean Production Systems—a model used to increase competitiveness by the creation of more value for customers with fewer resources) in manufacturing companies from the point of view of Ergonomics. It reports, based on the literature reviewed, how the integration of both LPS and Ergonomics principles, from the workstation design phase onwards, can bring benefits to the workers’ welfare and simultaneously potentiate improvements in productivity. This paper also intends to present trends and opportunities for future research in this area, including in the Industry 4.0 field. In the authors’ opinion, this paper is a valuable contribution for practitioners, in manufacturing environments, and researchers.
    2019Book part Restricted access Show more
  • The Anthropometry in Service of the School Furniture - Case Study Applied to the Portuguese Primary Schools
    Publication . Brito, Marlene; Gonçalves, Maria Antónia
    The focus of the current study was to set the benchmark for designing school furniture for Portuguese primary schools, taking into account the characterization and analysis of a previously selected sample of students. Considering the anthropometric data of the Portuguese children with ages between six and ten years old and its treatment, it was possible to set benchmarks for the design of school furniture for Portuguese primary schools, as well as to develop a methodological guide for adjusting the furniture according to the student’s stature. The obtained results seem to be very relevant as they provide a scientific basis for the design and compatible with the anthropometric dimensions of the considered population of users.
    2020Book part Restricted access Show more
  • The Impact of Implementing Hygiene and Safety Measures on Absenteeism—A Case Study in a Small Metallurgical Company
    Publication . Brito, Marlene; Gonçalves, Maria Antónia; Caravana, N.; Esperança, M.; Teixeira, H.
    The absenteeism related to health and safety at work is a serious issue in the manufacturing process, and some industries can be dangerous work fields with a high level of accidents. It is important to understand what causes the accident and, if possible, apply standard procedures to minimize the risk of accidents and subsequent absenteeism. This study aims to assess the impact of the implementation of occupa-tional health and safety procedures on company absenteeism. In the compa-ny where the study took place, most work accidents and absenteeism hap-pened in the production area, with workers who directly handle raw materi-als and machines. As a result, an HSE manager was hired in order to reduce accidents by putting in place several hygiene and security measures and procedures. The results of these measures as well as absenteeism data were studied and con-clusions regarding company performance were drawn
    2020Book part Restricted access Show more