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Tendo por base o consenso gerado em torno da importância do brincar arriscado na promoção da autonomia da criança e do futuro adulto, com este estudo pretendemos caracterizar e explorar a tolerância dos pais ao brincar arriscado, procurando analisar perceções, sentimentos e experiências na base de perfis mais e menos tolerantes e possíveis diferenças entre pais de crianças com desenvolvimento típico e atípico. Para tal realizou-se um estudo misto sequencial, que se iniciou com uma pesquisa por inquérito – com uso de uma versão traduzida e adaptada da escala The Tolerance to Risk in Play Scale (TriPS) da autoria de Bundy e Hill (2012) - seguida de um estudo de caso, com a realização de entrevistas a pais identificados como mais e menos tolerantes na primeira etapa de estudo. Na pesquisa por inquérito foram obtidas 620 respostas de pais de crianças entre os 3 e os 10 anos: 564 de crianças com desenvolvimento típico e 56 de crianças com desenvolvimento atípico. Para o estudo de caso, 22 dos participantes na pesquisa por inquérito foram recrutados para a entrevista - 11 pais de crianças com desenvolvimento típico e 11 de crianças com desenvolvimento atípico – selecionados sucessivamente em função de respostas indicativas de maior e menor tolerância ao risco. Neste estudo parece ficar claro que o brincar arriscado depende de uma atuação dos pais pautada pela monitorização, mediação verbal, antecipação e familiarização com as situações e o incentivo à exploração do risco. Essa tolerância e modo de atuar dos pais parece variar positivamente em função da idade da criança e dos pais, da escolaridade dos pais e do número de crianças no agregado familiar. Para além desses aspetos, as memórias de uma infância livre, de brincar na rua, está associada a perfis mais tolerantes. Em termos contextuais, o espaço físico, o contacto com a natureza e a possibilidade de variar rotinas surgem como fatores facilitadores. Embora os receios sobre a integridade física, os pais reconhecem unanimemente os benefícios do brincar arriscado quanto à satisfação da criança, desenvolvimento socio-emocional e sensório-motor, autonomia e compreensão dos limites e risco.
Based on the consensus generated around the importance of risky play in promoting the autonomy of the child and of the future adult, with this study we intend to characterise and explore parents' tolerance to risky play, trying to analyse perceptions, feelings and experiences on the basis of more and less tolerant profiles and possible differences between parents of children with typical and atypical development. To this effect, a mixed sequential study was conducted, starting with a survey research - using a translated and adapted version of The Tolerance to Risk in Play Scale (TriPS) by Bundy and Hill (2012) - followed by a case study, with interviews with parents identified as more and less tolerant in the first stage of the study. In the survey research 620 responses were obtained from parents of children aged between 3 and 10 years: 564 from children with typical development and 56 from children with atypical development. For the case study, 22 of the participants in the survey research were recruited for the interview - 11 parents of children with typical development and 11 of children with atypical development - selected successively according to responses indicative of higher and lower risk tolerance. In this study, it seems to be clear that the risky play depends on the parents' performance guided by monitoring, verbal mediation, anticipation and familiarization with the situations and the incentive to explore the risk. This tolerance and parents' way of acting seems to vary positively according to the child's and parents' age, the parents' education and the number of children in the household. Besides these aspects, memories of a free childhood, of playing in the street, are associated to more tolerant profiles. In contextual terms, the physical space, the contact with nature and the possibility of varying routines emerge as facilitating factors. Despite the fears about physical integrity, parents unanimously recognised the benefits of risky play regarding the child's satisfaction, socio-emotional and sensory-motor development, autonomy and understanding of limits and risk.
Based on the consensus generated around the importance of risky play in promoting the autonomy of the child and of the future adult, with this study we intend to characterise and explore parents' tolerance to risky play, trying to analyse perceptions, feelings and experiences on the basis of more and less tolerant profiles and possible differences between parents of children with typical and atypical development. To this effect, a mixed sequential study was conducted, starting with a survey research - using a translated and adapted version of The Tolerance to Risk in Play Scale (TriPS) by Bundy and Hill (2012) - followed by a case study, with interviews with parents identified as more and less tolerant in the first stage of the study. In the survey research 620 responses were obtained from parents of children aged between 3 and 10 years: 564 from children with typical development and 56 from children with atypical development. For the case study, 22 of the participants in the survey research were recruited for the interview - 11 parents of children with typical development and 11 of children with atypical development - selected successively according to responses indicative of higher and lower risk tolerance. In this study, it seems to be clear that the risky play depends on the parents' performance guided by monitoring, verbal mediation, anticipation and familiarization with the situations and the incentive to explore the risk. This tolerance and parents' way of acting seems to vary positively according to the child's and parents' age, the parents' education and the number of children in the household. Besides these aspects, memories of a free childhood, of playing in the street, are associated to more tolerant profiles. In contextual terms, the physical space, the contact with nature and the possibility of varying routines emerge as facilitating factors. Despite the fears about physical integrity, parents unanimously recognised the benefits of risky play regarding the child's satisfaction, socio-emotional and sensory-motor development, autonomy and understanding of limits and risk.
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Brincar arriscado Tolerância dos pais ao risco Desenvolvimento típico Desenvolvimento atípico Risky play Parental tolerance for risk Typical development Atypical development
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Instituto Politécnico do Porto. Escola Superior de Educação