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Ao longo das últimas décadas, diversos autores têm defendido que a capacidade de uma organização para gerar riqueza está intrinsecamente relacionada com os seus ativos intangíveis, sendo que estes constituem os principais catalisadores de desempenho económico mais elevado. Entre estes ativos, o goodwill destaca-se como o mais controverso, sendo alvo de um debate intenso que se mantém até à atualidade. Embora não exista consenso quanto à sua natureza e mensuração, o goodwill pode ser concetualizado como um ativo que incorpora os benefícios económicos futuros decorrentes de outros ativos adquiridos no âmbito de uma combinação de negócios, os quais não podem ser individualmente identificados nem reconhecidos de forma autónoma. No processo de mensuração subsequente do goodwill através dos testes de imparidade, as empresas irão manter os valores do goodwill mais elevados e reconhecerão menos perdas por imparidade. Desta forma, rácios de rentabilidade serão mais elevados e, por sua vez, os rácios de endividamento mais baixos, o que é um fator importante para a imagem externa das empresas. Assim, através do presente estudo, pretende-se analisar a relevância e o impacto do goodwill em determinadas empresas cotadas no índice PSI, procurando aferir se este ativo influencia variáveis como a rentabilidade, a estrutura financeira, a distribuição de dividendos e a valorização de mercado. Para responder ao objetivo principal foi utilizada a metodologia quantitativa fundamentada pela análise de conteúdo das demonstrações financeiras consolidadas de determinadas empresas do índice PSI, nos períodos de 2021, 2022 e 2023. Apesar da variabilidade dos resultados obtidos, é percetível que o goodwill tem impacto nas demonstrações financeiras e no valor de mercado da empresa, mesmo que isso não se verifique em todas as empresas nem em todos os períodos. Este estudo contribui para realçar que o goodwill enquanto ativo afeta as demonstrações financeiras e o valor de mercado.
Over the last few decades, several authors have argued that an organisation's ability to generate wealth is intrinsically linked to its intangible assets, which are the main drivers of higher economic performance. Among these assets, goodwill stands out as the most controversial, and is the subject of intense debate that continues to this day. Although there is no consensus on its nature and measurement, goodwill can be conceptualised as an asset that incorporates the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination, which cannot be individually identified or recognised independently. In the subsequent measurement of goodwill through impairment tests, companies will maintain higher goodwill values and recognise fewer impairment losses. This will result in higher profitability ratios and, in turn, lower debt ratios, which is an important factor for the external image of companies. This study therefore aims to analyse the relevance and impact of goodwill in certain companies listed on the PSI index, seeking to assess whether this asset influences variables such as profitability, financial structure, dividend distribution and market valuation. To address the main objective, a quantitative methodology was used, based on content analysis of the consolidated financial statements of certain companies in the PSI index for the periods 2021, 2022 and 2023. Despite the variability of the results obtained, it is clear that goodwill has an impact on the financial statements and market value of the company, even if this is not the case for all companies or in all periods. This study helps to highlight that goodwill as an asset affects financial statements and market value.
Over the last few decades, several authors have argued that an organisation's ability to generate wealth is intrinsically linked to its intangible assets, which are the main drivers of higher economic performance. Among these assets, goodwill stands out as the most controversial, and is the subject of intense debate that continues to this day. Although there is no consensus on its nature and measurement, goodwill can be conceptualised as an asset that incorporates the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination, which cannot be individually identified or recognised independently. In the subsequent measurement of goodwill through impairment tests, companies will maintain higher goodwill values and recognise fewer impairment losses. This will result in higher profitability ratios and, in turn, lower debt ratios, which is an important factor for the external image of companies. This study therefore aims to analyse the relevance and impact of goodwill in certain companies listed on the PSI index, seeking to assess whether this asset influences variables such as profitability, financial structure, dividend distribution and market valuation. To address the main objective, a quantitative methodology was used, based on content analysis of the consolidated financial statements of certain companies in the PSI index for the periods 2021, 2022 and 2023. Despite the variability of the results obtained, it is clear that goodwill has an impact on the financial statements and market value of the company, even if this is not the case for all companies or in all periods. This study helps to highlight that goodwill as an asset affects financial statements and market value.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Estrutura financeira Goodwill Imparidades Valorização de mercado Financial Structure Impairments Market Valuation
