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Mutual promotion on the mechanical and tribological properties of the nacre-like self-lubricant film designed for demanding green tribological applications

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datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
dc.contributor.authorHongbo, Ju
dc.contributor.authorLuan, Jing
dc.contributor.authorWang, Yiping
dc.contributor.authorBondarev, Andrey
dc.contributor.authorEvaristo, Manuel
dc.contributor.authorGeng, Yaoxiang
dc.contributor.authorXu, Junhua
dc.contributor.authorCavaleiro, Albano
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Filipe
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Filipe
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-11T14:11:02Z
dc.date.available2026-02-11T14:11:02Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThe inverse relationship between the tribological and mechanical properties of environmentally friendly self-lubricant films, induced by the addition of soft lubricant agents that can diffuse quickly at elevated temperatures, has hindered the widespread use of these materials in industrial applications. This paper took this challenge to break through the above established relationship by developing novel nacre-like multilayered Mo2N–SiNx/Ag–SiNx self-lubricant films via an radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering system for real applications where harsh conditions at elevated temperatures exist. The multilayered films, deposited by alternating deposition of Mo2N–SiNx and Ag–SiNx modulation layers, exhibited three phases of face-centered cubic (fcc) Mo2N, fcc Ag and SiNx, where SiNx encapsulated the nano-crystalline Mo2N and Ag phases in each layer to successfully induce a “brick and mortar” nacre-like microstructure (in the area without the coherent structure). The epitaxy growth of the Ag–SiNx layers with thickness below 6 nm on the Mo2N template resulted in an extraordinary increase in both the hardness and elastic modulus, which was able to prevent severe degradation of the mechanical properties caused by the addition of Ag. The room-temperature anti-friction property could be enhanced by increasing the Ag–SiNx layer thickness due to the excellent lubricant nature of Ag, which acts in synergy with Mo2N, while the wear rate below 4×10−8 mm3/(N·mm) was due to the high mechanical strength. The tribological properties at 600 °C also benefited from the interlocked multilayered architecture, which allowed an extreme low friction coefficient of ~0.12 and a negligible wear rate (WR). This behavior was attributed to the synergism between the lubricant action of Ag and Mo2N and the tribo-phase transformation from Ag2Mo4O13 to Ag2MoO4.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by projects granted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52171071 and 51801081), national funds through FCT of Portugal–Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, under a scientific contract of 2021.04115. CEECIND, 2023.06224.CEECIND, and the projects of UIDB/00285/2020, and LA/0112/2020, MCTool21-ref. “POCI-01-0247-FEDER-045940” co-financed via FEDER and FCTFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (COMPETE). The projects of UIDB/00285/2020, and LA/0112/2020. The Slovenian Research Agency ARIS under the Research Core Funding Programme No. P2-0231 and the project MSCA-COFUND-5100-237/2023-9. This work was also supported by the Outstanding University Young Teachers of “Qing Lan Project” of Jiangsu Province of China and the Excellent Talents of “Shenlan Project” of Jiangsu University of Science of China.
dc.identifier.citationJu HB, Luan J, Wang YP, et al. Friction 2025, 13(3): 9440963. https://doi.org/10.26599/FRICT.2025.9440963
dc.identifier.doi10.26599/FRICT.2025.9440963
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/31825
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherSciopen
dc.relationCentre for Mechanical Enginnering, Materials and Processes
dc.relationLA/0112/2020
dc.relationPOCI- 01-0247-FEDER-045940
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/FRICT.2025.9440963
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectRadio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering system
dc.subjectMO2N-SiNx/Ag-SiNx
dc.subjectSelf-lubricant films
dc.subjectInterlocked structure
dc.subjectEpitaxial growth
dc.subjectLubrication synergism
dc.subjectTribo-phase transformation
dc.titleMutual promotion on the mechanical and tribological properties of the nacre-like self-lubricant film designed for demanding green tribological applicationseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleCentre for Mechanical Enginnering, Materials and Processes
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00285%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.issue3
oaire.citation.titleFriction
oaire.citation.volume13
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameFernandes
person.givenNameFilipe
person.identifier1496760
person.identifier.ciencia-id501E-7C9D-D56D
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2931-8536
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57222077374
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationb78fe6d2-f2ce-4210-9775-642c73a268fa
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryb78fe6d2-f2ce-4210-9775-642c73a268fa
relation.isProjectOfPublicatione9972dd7-ceaf-49ee-959a-d2a0e393b124
relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscoverye9972dd7-ceaf-49ee-959a-d2a0e393b124

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