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Abstract(s)
Sabendo que o tempo total de evacuação é um fator determinante para a segurança de
qualquer navio, de modo a garantir a segurança e a proteção dos seus tripulantes e tripulação no
caso de se depararem com uma catástrofe natural, condições climatéricas adversas, um erro
mecânico no navio, um erro provocado pela ação do homem, é fundamental que exista um plano
de evacuação de emergência que permita a evacuação de todos os ocupantes no menor tempo
possível em segurança.
Assim sendo, a presente dissertação teve como principal objetivo a análise e a melhoria do
processo de evacuação do navio MS Douro Elegance. De modo a realizar este estudo, foi utilizada
a simulação computacional, com recurso ao software Pathfinder, de forma que fosse possível
elaborar um modelo de simulação capaz de estudar e analisar diferentes estratégias e métodos de
evacuação, encontrar o menor tempo total de evacuação e encontrar possíveis pontos de
estrangulamento e de congestionamento.
Por meio do software Pathfinder, foram analisados 6 cenários diferentes para determinar
o menor tempo de evacuação, bem como identificar pontos de congestionamento e gargalos. O
modelo de simulação foi utilizado para analisar a evacuação de 162 ocupantes (funcionários e
passageiros) de um navio de cruzeiro, assumindo que existem 7 botes salva-vidas, cada um com
capacidade para 25 pessoas.
Os resultados obtidos nas simulações permitiram concluir que a evacuação mais eficiente
(com menor tempo total de evacuação) foi obtida na estratégia 1 com todos os acessos disponíveis,
incluindo o elevador operacional e demorou 159.6 segundos para o processo estar completo.
Aferiu-se que os acessos intermédios do navio são críticos para uma evacuação eficaz, visto
que são os acessos com mais afluência de passageiros e o lugar do único elevador do navio. Os
bloqueios dos acessos intermédios resultam num aumento do tempo de evacuação significativo.
Knowing that the total evacuation time is a determining factor for the safety of any ship, in order to guarantee the safety and protection of its crew and passengersin case of a natural disaster, adverse weather conditions, a mechanical error in the ship, an error caused by the action of man, it is essential that there is an emergency evacuation plan that allows the evacuation of all occupants in the shortest possible time safely. Therefore, the present dissertation had as main objective the analysis and improvement of the evacuation process of the ship MS Douro Elegance. In order to carry out this study, computer simulation was used, using the Pathfinder software, so that it was possible to develop a simulation model capable of studying and analyzing different evacuation strategies and methods, finding the lowest total evacuation time and finding possible bottlenecks and congestion. Using the Pathfinder software, 6 different scenarios were analyzed to determine the shortest evacuation time, as well as identify congestion points and bottlenecks. The simulation model was used to analyze the evacuation of 162 occupants (employees and passengers) from a cruise ship, assuming that there are 7 lifeboats, each with capacity for 25 people. The results obtained in the simulations allowed us to conclude that the most efficient evacuation (with the lowest total evacuation time) was achieved in strategy 1 with all available accesses, including the operational elevator and waiting 159.6 seconds for the process to be complete. It was verified that the intermediate accesses of the ship are critical for an effective evacuation, since they are the accesses with the highest number of passengers and the location of the only elevator on the ship. Intermediate access blocks result in a significant increase in evacuation time.
Knowing that the total evacuation time is a determining factor for the safety of any ship, in order to guarantee the safety and protection of its crew and passengersin case of a natural disaster, adverse weather conditions, a mechanical error in the ship, an error caused by the action of man, it is essential that there is an emergency evacuation plan that allows the evacuation of all occupants in the shortest possible time safely. Therefore, the present dissertation had as main objective the analysis and improvement of the evacuation process of the ship MS Douro Elegance. In order to carry out this study, computer simulation was used, using the Pathfinder software, so that it was possible to develop a simulation model capable of studying and analyzing different evacuation strategies and methods, finding the lowest total evacuation time and finding possible bottlenecks and congestion. Using the Pathfinder software, 6 different scenarios were analyzed to determine the shortest evacuation time, as well as identify congestion points and bottlenecks. The simulation model was used to analyze the evacuation of 162 occupants (employees and passengers) from a cruise ship, assuming that there are 7 lifeboats, each with capacity for 25 people. The results obtained in the simulations allowed us to conclude that the most efficient evacuation (with the lowest total evacuation time) was achieved in strategy 1 with all available accesses, including the operational elevator and waiting 159.6 seconds for the process to be complete. It was verified that the intermediate accesses of the ship are critical for an effective evacuation, since they are the accesses with the highest number of passengers and the location of the only elevator on the ship. Intermediate access blocks result in a significant increase in evacuation time.
Description
Keywords
Estratégias de Evacuação Evacuação Simulação Simulação Computacional Navio Tripulação Passageiros Software Pathfinder