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Chemistry, bioactivities, extraction and analysis of azadirachtin: State-of-the-art

2019Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Sara
dc.contributor.authorBarreiros, Luisa
dc.contributor.authorFerraz Oliveira, Rita
dc.contributor.authorCruz, Agostinho
dc.contributor.authorPrudêncio, Cristina
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Ana Isabel
dc.contributor.authorPinho, Cláudia
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Nuno
dc.contributor.authorMorgado, Joaquim
dc.date.accessioned2019-06-05T15:52:33Z
dc.date.available2020-12-12T01:30:19Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.description.abstractAzadirachta indica A. Juss. (Neem) is an Indian tree recognized for its activity as pesticide, as well as several pharmacological properties. Among the various compounds already isolated and studied from Neem tree, azadirachtin (AZA) was identified as the main bioactive compound. Azadirachtin can be found at different parts of the Neem plant but assumes its maximum concentration at the seed level. This compound features a quite complex chemical structure, which justifies the 20-plus-year difficulty to identify the synthetic pathway that subsequently permitted to carry out its artificial synthesis. Azadirachtin is widely used as a basis for production of biopesticides; nevertheless, other properties have been recognized for this substance, among which the anticancer and antimalarial activity stand out. The methods available for azadirachtin extraction are diverse, including solid-liquid extraction and extraction with solvents at high or low temperatures. Alcohol based solvents are associated with higher extraction yields and are therefore preferred for the isolation of azadirachtin from plant parts. Clean-up of the extracts is generally required for further purification. The highest azadirachtin levels have been obtained from Neem seeds but concentration values present a large variation between batches. Therefore, in addition to extraction procedures, it is essential to establish routine methods for azadirachtin identification and quantification. Chromatography-based techniques are preferably selected for detection and quantification of azadirachtin in plant matrices. Overall, this process will guarantee a future reproducible, safe and effective use of the extracts in formulations for commercial applications.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationFernandes, S. R., Barreiros, L., Oliveira, R. F., Cruz, A., Prudêncio, C., Oliveira, A. I., Pinho, C., Santos, N., & Morgado, J. (2019). Chemistry, bioactivities, extraction and analysis of azadirachtin: State-of-the-art. Fitoterapia, 134, 141–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2019.02.006
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.fitote.2019.02.006pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn0367-326X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/13849
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherElsevierpt_PT
dc.relationPT2020 UID/QUI/50006/2013pt_PT
dc.relationPOCI/01/0145/FEDER/007265pt_PT
dc.relationTotal analysis systems based on mesofluidics coupled to tandem mass spectrometry
dc.relationAUTOMATION OF BIOCHEMICAL ASSAYS USING LAB-ON-VALVE AND BEAD INJECTION TECHNIQUES
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0367326X18316721#ac0005pt_PT
dc.subjectAzadirachta indicapt_PT
dc.subjectBioactive compoundspt_PT
dc.subjectChemical characterizationpt_PT
dc.subjectExtraction Quantificationpt_PT
dc.titleChemistry, bioactivities, extraction and analysis of azadirachtin: State-of-the-artpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleTotal analysis systems based on mesofluidics coupled to tandem mass spectrometry
oaire.awardTitleAUTOMATION OF BIOCHEMICAL ASSAYS USING LAB-ON-VALVE AND BEAD INJECTION TECHNIQUES
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT//SFRH%2FBD%2F130948%2F2017/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT//SFRH%2FBPD%2F89668%2F2012/PT
oaire.citation.endPage150pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage141pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleFitoterapiapt_PT
oaire.citation.volume134pt_PT
person.familyNameFernandes
person.familyNameBarreiros
person.familyNameFerraz Oliveira
person.familyNameCruz
person.familyNamePrudêncio
person.familyNameOliveira
person.familyNamePinho
person.givenNameSara
person.givenNameLuisa
person.givenNameRita
person.givenNameAgostinho
person.givenNameCristina
person.givenNameAna Isabel
person.givenNameCláudia
person.identifier1200571
person.identifier.ciencia-id1C12-D800-38A4
person.identifier.ciencia-id611F-E0C5-0230
person.identifier.ciencia-idFD1F-2E0C-1254
person.identifier.ciencia-idC81E-F4EE-FADE
person.identifier.ciencia-id8B1B-A0D9-B6E4
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-7042-1941
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-3481-5809
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-3933-5740
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1157-8196
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-9920-936X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3160-6596
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3157-3712
person.identifier.ridD-7950-2013
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57203278917
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6508205485
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6508057930
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.embargofctembargo de 12 mesespt_PT
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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