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Abstract(s)
O custo da energia elétrica, tem um elevado impacto nas diversas áreas, desde os consumidores domésticos aos industriais. Para maior resiliência, contra interrupções de abastecimento da rede, implementam-se as fontes de energia de socorro (backup), que normalmente são compostas por grupos de geradores a diesel ou a gás natural. Esta solução aplica-se, nos edifícios de recolha de dados (data center), hospitais, aeroportos, hotéis, centros comerciais e a todas as instalações críticas. Estes sistemas de backup representam um elevado investimento no projeto, dada a fiabilidade da rede elétrica pública Portuguesa, raramente a sua entrada em serviço é necessária. Esta dissertação analisa os custos e benefícios de algumas configurações possíveis de sistemas de backup. Quando conectados à rede elétrica, permitem complementar a alimentação elétrica das instalações, de forma a reduzir a potência contratada e o consumo de energia em horas de ponta/cheias. É proposto um aproveitamento do investimento já efetuado e a utilização dos grupos geradores existentes, em partilha de carga com a rede no período de maior consumo. Os geradores a diesel, têm a desvantagem do elevado custo do combustível, contudo, existem módulos de conversão para alimentação a gás. Outra solução será utilizar o sistema híbrido, diesel com painéis solares fotovoltaicos, em que obtemos a redução das emissões de dióxido de carbono (CO2) e do consumo de combustível. Para os administradores realizarem as escolhas corretas, é importante entenderem o custo e a confiabilidade, associados à solução técnica.
The cost of electricity has a high impact on several areas, from domestic to industrial consumers. For greater resilience, against grid supply interruptions, backup energy sources are implemented, which are usually composed of diesel or natural gas generator sets. This solution applies to data collection buildings (data center), hospitals, airports, hotels, shopping centers and all critical facilities. These backup systems represent a high investment in the project, given the reliability of the Portuguese public electricity grid, their entry into service is rarely necessary. This dissertation analyses the costs and benefits of some possible configurations of backup systems. When connected to the electrical grid, they allow to complement the electrical supply of the installations, to reduce the contracted power and energy consumption at peak/full hours. It is proposed to take advantage of the investment already made and the use of existing generator sets, in load sharing with the grid in the period of greatest consumption. Diesel generators have the disadvantage of high fuel cost, however, there are conversion modules for gas power. Another solution will be to use the hybrid system, diesel with photovoltaic solar panels, in which we obtain a reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and fuel consumption. For administrators to make the right choices, it is important to understand the cost and reliability associated with the technical solution.
The cost of electricity has a high impact on several areas, from domestic to industrial consumers. For greater resilience, against grid supply interruptions, backup energy sources are implemented, which are usually composed of diesel or natural gas generator sets. This solution applies to data collection buildings (data center), hospitals, airports, hotels, shopping centers and all critical facilities. These backup systems represent a high investment in the project, given the reliability of the Portuguese public electricity grid, their entry into service is rarely necessary. This dissertation analyses the costs and benefits of some possible configurations of backup systems. When connected to the electrical grid, they allow to complement the electrical supply of the installations, to reduce the contracted power and energy consumption at peak/full hours. It is proposed to take advantage of the investment already made and the use of existing generator sets, in load sharing with the grid in the period of greatest consumption. Diesel generators have the disadvantage of high fuel cost, however, there are conversion modules for gas power. Another solution will be to use the hybrid system, diesel with photovoltaic solar panels, in which we obtain a reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and fuel consumption. For administrators to make the right choices, it is important to understand the cost and reliability associated with the technical solution.
Description
Keywords
Grupo Geradores Alimentação Socorro Backup Energia Elétrica Generators Sets Relief Power Electricity