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Abstract(s)
O desenvolvimento económico mundial tem vindo a caracterizar-se pela utilização intensa de energia, e como resultado disso, a dependência energética dos países acentuou-se bastante. Contudo, só no final do século XX, é que o Mundo começou a ter a real perceção dos impactos ambientais, económicos e sociais, resultantes da utilização e dependência de energia. Em detrimento destes fatores, a União Europeia implementou um conjunto de políticas energéticas, tendo como objetivo reduzir a dependência dos combustíveis fósseis e diminuir as emissões de carbono para a atmosfera. Neste contexto, a eficiência energética assumiu-se como um instrumento fundamental para minimizar os impactos, sendo transposta para os edifícios a construir e a reabilitar, quer se trate de edifícios de habitação ou de serviços. Refira-se que nos últimos anos, o setor da construção teve de apostar na reabilitação dos edifícios, face ao estado de degradação do parque edificado, contribuindo deste modo, para a preservação de uma herança cultural, assim como para um futuro mais sustentável. Neste seguimento, o estudo que se realizou insere-se no âmbito do Regulamento de Desempenho Energético dos Edifícios de Comércio e Serviços (RECS), e compreende a reabilitação de um edifício de escritórios, o qual se enquadra nos Pequenos Edifícios de Comércio e Serviços (PES). A partir da simulação horária monozona, método de cálculo que permite a verificação do RECS e por conseguinte, a avaliação do desempenho energético do edifício, foi avaliado o impacto nos consumos anuais de energia final, na fatura anual e na classe energética dos vários elementos constituintes do edifício. O estudo consistiu numa avaliação individual, com o objetivo de se perceber qual o peso/importância que é atribuída a cada componente do edifício sendo que, posteriormente, foi realizada uma avaliação de desempenho global do edifício. De notar que este estudo de impacto permitiu obter soluções otimizadas em termos energéticos, assim como perceber em que componentes deve recair, maioritariamente, o investimento, e, finalmente, compreender de que modo esta folha de cálculo está preparada para tratar os edifícios com necessidades quase nulas de energia, uma vez que é o caminho a percorrer.
The world economic development has been characterized by the intense use of energy and, as a result, the countries' energy dependence hasincreased considerably. However, it was only at the end of the 20th century that the world began to have a real perception of the environmental, economic and social impacts which result from the use as well as the dependence of energy. Regarding these factors, the European Union has implemented a set of energy policies in order to reduce fóssil fuels dependence and to reduce carbon emissions to the atmosphere. Given the background, energy efficiency has become a fundamental instrument to minimize impacts, being used in the construction and rehabilitation of buildings, whether residential or service buildings. It’s important to point out that, in recent years, the construction sector had to invest in the rehabilitation of buildings, given the state of degradation of the overall construction, thus contributing to the preservation of a cultural heritage as well as to a more sustainable future. Therefore, the study that was carried out is inserted within the scope of the Energy Performance Regulation of Commercial and Service Buildings, and includes the rehabilitation of an office building, which fits into Small Commercial and Service Buildings. From the mono-zone hourly simulation, a calculation method that allows the verification of the RECS and, therefore, the assessment of the building's energy performance, it was evaluated the impact on the annual final energy consumption as well as the annual bill and the energy class of the various constituent elements of the building. The study consisted of an individual assessment, in order to understand what weight / importance is attributed to each component of the building, and afterwards, it was carried out an assessment of the overall performance of the building. It is worth mentioning that this impact study allowed us to obtain optimized solutions in terms of energy, as well as to understand which are the components which deserve more investment and, finally, to understand how this spreadsheet is prepared to treat buildings with almost zero energy needs, once it is the path to follow.
The world economic development has been characterized by the intense use of energy and, as a result, the countries' energy dependence hasincreased considerably. However, it was only at the end of the 20th century that the world began to have a real perception of the environmental, economic and social impacts which result from the use as well as the dependence of energy. Regarding these factors, the European Union has implemented a set of energy policies in order to reduce fóssil fuels dependence and to reduce carbon emissions to the atmosphere. Given the background, energy efficiency has become a fundamental instrument to minimize impacts, being used in the construction and rehabilitation of buildings, whether residential or service buildings. It’s important to point out that, in recent years, the construction sector had to invest in the rehabilitation of buildings, given the state of degradation of the overall construction, thus contributing to the preservation of a cultural heritage as well as to a more sustainable future. Therefore, the study that was carried out is inserted within the scope of the Energy Performance Regulation of Commercial and Service Buildings, and includes the rehabilitation of an office building, which fits into Small Commercial and Service Buildings. From the mono-zone hourly simulation, a calculation method that allows the verification of the RECS and, therefore, the assessment of the building's energy performance, it was evaluated the impact on the annual final energy consumption as well as the annual bill and the energy class of the various constituent elements of the building. The study consisted of an individual assessment, in order to understand what weight / importance is attributed to each component of the building, and afterwards, it was carried out an assessment of the overall performance of the building. It is worth mentioning that this impact study allowed us to obtain optimized solutions in terms of energy, as well as to understand which are the components which deserve more investment and, finally, to understand how this spreadsheet is prepared to treat buildings with almost zero energy needs, once it is the path to follow.
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Keywords
Consumo energético Políticas energéticas Eficiência energética Reabilitação da construção Sustentabilidade Energy consumption Energy policies Energy efficiency Construction rehabilitation Sustainability