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Abstract(s)
O setor energético ao longo das últimas décadas tem ganho maior importância devido ao grande avanço tecnológico que se tem observado, levando ao aumento de aparelhos e serviços que utilizam energia elétrica. Por consequência, a proteção dos equipamentos principais das redes de distribuição elétrica torna-se muito importante. Devido à competição empresarial dos equipamentos que têm como principal função a proteção energética, é necessário criar equipamentos e estruturas que permitam satisfazer as novas exigências impostas por este tipo de mercado. Este trabalho teve como base a solicitação da empresa Efacec, ligada ao fabrico de vários componentes essenciais para redes de distribuição elétrica, desde transformadores, disjuntores, entre outros, uma vez que teve origem no facto da empresa ligada ao ramo energético e necessitar de um novo método para incorporar novos equipamentos de corte de energia em subestações móveis. Esta solicitação focou-se no dimensionamento e otimização de uma estrutura para o suporte de um equipamento de proteção energética. O trabalho realizado teve de cumprir determinados requisitos relativamente à altura, largura, temperaturas e características dos materiais a serem utilizados, bem como algumas limitações impostas pela legislação. Neste sentido, o principal desafio deste trabalho foi projetar o mecanismo de ajuste de altura dos equipamentos. Foram apresentadas 3 soluções: um sistema hidráulico de atuadores; uma plataforma elevatória de maneira a regular a altura dos trans-rupters; e, por fim, a solução escolhida, que foi um sistema de acionamento mecânico constituído por uma caixa angular e um fuso acionado por uma manivela ou por algum tipo de equipamento elétrico apropriado para o efeito. O dimensionamento pelo Método de Elementos Finitos (MEF) permitiu ter uma perceção do comportamento que a estrutura tem quando lhe forem impostas as forças resultantes da colocação do trans-rupter. Deste modo, a realização deste trabalho resultou uma estrutura com capacidade para cumprir os pressupostos impostos tanto em termos de funções pretendidas como requisitos de projeto. No entanto, existe sempre espaço para melhorias, de forma a otimizar a estrutura tornando-a mais acessível para implementação em vários locais e para utilização final.
The energy sector is becoming more and more important nowadays due to the great technological advance that has been observed, leading to an increase in appliances and services that increasingly use electric energy. Consequently, the protection of the main equipment of the electric distribution networks becomes very important. Due to the industrial competition of equipment that has as its main function the energy protection, it is necessary to create new equipment and structures that allow to satisfy the new requirements imposed by this type of market. This work was based on the request by the company Efacec, linked to the manufacture of several essential components for electricity distribution networks, transformers, circuit breakers, among others, since it originated from the fact that the company linked to the energy sector needs a new method to incorporate new power cut-off equipment in mobile substations. This request is focused on the design and optimization of a structure to support energy protection equipment. The work carried out had to meet certain requirements regarding height, width, temperatures and characteristics of the materials to be used, as well as some limitations imposed by legislation. In this sense, the main challenge of this work was to design the mechanism for adjusting the height of the equipment. Three solutions were presented: a system of hydraulic actuators; a lifting platform to regulate the height of the trans-rupters; and, finally, the chosen solution, which was a mechanical drive system consisting of a gear box and a spindle driven by a crank or some type of electrical equipment suitable for that purpose. The design by the Finite Element Method (FEM) allowed to have a perception of the behaviour of the structure when the forces resulting from the placement of the transrupter are imposed on it. Thus, this work resulted in a structure with the capacity to meet the assumptions imposed both in terms of intended functions and design requirements. However, there is always room for improvement in order to optimize the structure, making it more accessible for implementation in various locations and for final use.
The energy sector is becoming more and more important nowadays due to the great technological advance that has been observed, leading to an increase in appliances and services that increasingly use electric energy. Consequently, the protection of the main equipment of the electric distribution networks becomes very important. Due to the industrial competition of equipment that has as its main function the energy protection, it is necessary to create new equipment and structures that allow to satisfy the new requirements imposed by this type of market. This work was based on the request by the company Efacec, linked to the manufacture of several essential components for electricity distribution networks, transformers, circuit breakers, among others, since it originated from the fact that the company linked to the energy sector needs a new method to incorporate new power cut-off equipment in mobile substations. This request is focused on the design and optimization of a structure to support energy protection equipment. The work carried out had to meet certain requirements regarding height, width, temperatures and characteristics of the materials to be used, as well as some limitations imposed by legislation. In this sense, the main challenge of this work was to design the mechanism for adjusting the height of the equipment. Three solutions were presented: a system of hydraulic actuators; a lifting platform to regulate the height of the trans-rupters; and, finally, the chosen solution, which was a mechanical drive system consisting of a gear box and a spindle driven by a crank or some type of electrical equipment suitable for that purpose. The design by the Finite Element Method (FEM) allowed to have a perception of the behaviour of the structure when the forces resulting from the placement of the transrupter are imposed on it. Thus, this work resulted in a structure with the capacity to meet the assumptions imposed both in terms of intended functions and design requirements. However, there is always room for improvement in order to optimize the structure, making it more accessible for implementation in various locations and for final use.
Description
Keywords
Setor energético Proteção energética Dimensionamento de estruturas Método de Elementos Finitos Trans-rupter Energy sector Energy protection Structural design Finite Element Method Transrupter