| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DM_LuisCosta_MEI_2016 | 6.47 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A criação de modelos conceptuais permite a representação de um domínio, sob a forma de
conceitos e relações. Quando inserida num contexto colaborativo, a conceptualização apresenta
melhores resultados, no entanto, o aparecimento de diversas soluções para um domínio é um problema
muito comum. Desta forma, a partir dos modelos elaborados, os especialistas devem chegar a um
consenso sobre quais conceitos irão compor o modelo final. Nesta perspetiva, este trabalho pretende
fornecer uma ferramenta para a integração de modelos conceptuais e, assim, ajudar os especialistas na
difícil tarefa de negociação, de forma a desenvolverem um modelo final partilhado. A partir da utilização
de medidas de similaridade semântica e sintática, foi desenvolvida uma abordagem semântica, que
analisa conceitos de dois modelos e indica aos especialistas as possibilidades de conceitos repetidos.
Como resultado prático, foram implementados dois artefactos, um serviço web e uma interface cliente.
O serviço web calcula a similaridade semântica e é decomposto por três fases: normalização, análise
sintática e análise semântica. A interface cliente auxilia os especialistas, ao longo do processo de
integração dos modelos. Para avaliar a abordagem proposta, foram calculados os valores das medidas
precision e recall em dois cenários de aplicação prática. Os resultados obtidos revelaram-se melhores
em comparação com as ferramentas existentes, aplicadas a modelos semi-formais (mapas de conceitos),
e muito próximos das melhores ferramentas orientadas para modelos formais (ontologias).
The creation of conceptual models allows for the representation of a domain by using concepts and relations between them. In a collaborative context, the conceptualization provides better results. Despite this, the existence of several solutions for a given domain is a very common problem. Given this, specialists must reach a consensus on the concepts that will encompass the final solution. Therefore, this work aims to provide a tool for the integration of conceptual models for helping specialists during the negotiation phase of developing the final shared model. A semantic approach was developed using measures of semantic and syntax similarity. This approach analyses the concepts of two models and shows the repeated concepts to the specialists. The final solution encompasses two artefacts: a web service and a client interface. The web service calculates the semantic similarity and includes three stages, namely: normalization, syntax analysis and semantic analysis. The user interface helps the specialist during the integration process of the models. To evaluate the proposed approach, the values of precision and recall measures were calculated in two practical application scenarios. The obtained results proved to be better when compared to the existing tools, applied to semi-formal models (concept maps), and very close to the best tools oriented to formal models (ontologies).
The creation of conceptual models allows for the representation of a domain by using concepts and relations between them. In a collaborative context, the conceptualization provides better results. Despite this, the existence of several solutions for a given domain is a very common problem. Given this, specialists must reach a consensus on the concepts that will encompass the final solution. Therefore, this work aims to provide a tool for the integration of conceptual models for helping specialists during the negotiation phase of developing the final shared model. A semantic approach was developed using measures of semantic and syntax similarity. This approach analyses the concepts of two models and shows the repeated concepts to the specialists. The final solution encompasses two artefacts: a web service and a client interface. The web service calculates the semantic similarity and includes three stages, namely: normalization, syntax analysis and semantic analysis. The user interface helps the specialist during the integration process of the models. To evaluate the proposed approach, the values of precision and recall measures were calculated in two practical application scenarios. The obtained results proved to be better when compared to the existing tools, applied to semi-formal models (concept maps), and very close to the best tools oriented to formal models (ontologies).
Description
Keywords
Similaridade semântica Modelação conceptual Conceptualização partilhada