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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os compósitos do tipo PRFV, formados por uma matriz polimérica reforçada com fibras de vidro, são bastante conhecidos e utilizados generalizadamente em diferentes ambientes industriais. Estes materiais possuem a particularidade de apresentarem baixa densidade e excelentes propriedades mecânicas como, por exemplo, elevada rigidez e resistência específicas, boa resistência à corrosão e bom desempenho à fadiga. Estão disseminados em várias áreas industriais relevantes, salientando-se a indústria aeronáutica e os transportes. Nesta última são especialmente referidas as aplicações na indústria naval para a produção de cascos de pequenas embarcações. Dada a sua importância, o conhecimento do seu comportamento mecânico em diferentes condições ambientais de temperatura e humidade é extremamente relevante no sentido de conferir uma maior confiança na sua utilização. Este trabalho de dissertação tem como objetivo fazer um levantamento atualizado do estado da arte relativa à degradação que os materiais compósitos sofrem em ambientes hostis, particularmente no contacto com a água. Neste sentido foram analisados trabalhos publicados que referem os mecanismos pelos quais se dá a absorção da humidade e quais os efeitos provocados no desempenho mecânico. O trabalho de pesquisa permitiu fundamentar do ponto de vista teórico a componente experimental em que foram produzidos diferentes laminados por moldação manual com o objetivo de avaliar as alterações do seu comportamento em contacto com água e em função da sequência de empilhamento e tipologia de reforço.
FRP-type composites, formed by a polymeric matrix reinforced with glass fibers, are well known, and widely used in different industrial environments. These materials have the particularity of having low density and excellent mechanical properties such as, for example, high specific stiffness and strength, good corrosion resistance and good fatigue performance. They are spread across several relevant industrial areas, with emphasis on the aeronautical industry and transport. The latter specifically refers to applications in the naval industry to produce small boat hulls. Given its importance, knowledge of its mechanical behavior under different environmental conditions of temperature and humidity is extremely relevant to provide greater confidence in its use. This work aims to make an updated survey of the state of the art regarding the degradation that composite materials suffer in hostile environments, particularly in contact with water. In this sense, published works were analyzed that refer to the mechanisms by which moisture is absorbed and the effects caused on mechanical performance. The state of art supported, from a theoretical point of view, the experimental component in which different laminates were produced by manual molding, with the aim of evaluating changes in their behavior in contact with water and depending on the stacking sequence and type of reinforcement.
FRP-type composites, formed by a polymeric matrix reinforced with glass fibers, are well known, and widely used in different industrial environments. These materials have the particularity of having low density and excellent mechanical properties such as, for example, high specific stiffness and strength, good corrosion resistance and good fatigue performance. They are spread across several relevant industrial areas, with emphasis on the aeronautical industry and transport. The latter specifically refers to applications in the naval industry to produce small boat hulls. Given its importance, knowledge of its mechanical behavior under different environmental conditions of temperature and humidity is extremely relevant to provide greater confidence in its use. This work aims to make an updated survey of the state of the art regarding the degradation that composite materials suffer in hostile environments, particularly in contact with water. In this sense, published works were analyzed that refer to the mechanisms by which moisture is absorbed and the effects caused on mechanical performance. The state of art supported, from a theoretical point of view, the experimental component in which different laminates were produced by manual molding, with the aim of evaluating changes in their behavior in contact with water and depending on the stacking sequence and type of reinforcement.
Description
Keywords
Materiais Compósitos PRFV Humidade Degradação Ensaios Composite Materials FRP Humidity Degradation Mechanical Tests