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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in gas and particulate phases of indoor environments influenced by tobacco smoke: levels, phase distributions, and health risks

2011Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorCastro, Dionísia
dc.contributor.authorSlezakova, Klara
dc.contributor.authorDelerue-Matos, Cristina
dc.contributor.authorAlvim-Ferraz, Maria da Conceição M.
dc.contributor.authorMorais, Simone
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Maria do Carmo
dc.date.accessioned2013-11-27T14:44:24Z
dc.date.available2013-11-27T14:44:24Z
dc.date.issued2011
dc.description.abstractAs polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have a negative impact on human health due to their mutagenic and/or carcinogenic properties, the objective of this work was to study the influence of tobacco smoke on levels and phase distribution of PAHs and to evaluate the associated health risks. The air samples were collected at two homes; 18 PAHs (the 16 PAHs considered by U.S. EPA as priority pollutants, dibenzo[a,l]pyrene and benzo[j]fluoranthene) were determined in gas phase and associated with thoracic (PM10) and respirable (PM2.5) particles. At home influenced by tobacco smoke the total concentrations of 18 PAHs in air ranged from 28.3 to 106 ngm 3 (mean of 66.7 25.4 ngm 3),∑PAHs being 95% higher than at the non-smoking one where the values ranged from 17.9 to 62.0 ngm 3 (mean of 34.5 16.5 ngm 3). On average 74% and 78% of ∑PAHs were present in gas phase at the smoking and non-smoking homes, respectively, demonstrating that adequate assessment of PAHs in air requires evaluation of PAHs in both gas and particulate phases. When influenced by tobacco smoke the health risks values were 3.5e3.6 times higher due to the exposure of PM10. The values of lifetime lung cancer risks were 4.1 10 3 and 1.7 10 3 for the smoking and nonsmoking homes, considerably exceeding the health-based guideline level at both homes also due to the contribution of outdoor traffic emissions. The results showed that evaluation of benzo[a]pyrene alone would probably underestimate the carcinogenic potential of the studied PAH mixtures; in total ten carcinogenic PAHs represented 36% and 32% of the gaseous ∑PAHs and in particulate phase they accounted for 75% and 71% of ∑PAHs at the smoking and non-smoking homes, respectively.por
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.01.018pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1352-2310
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/2994
dc.language.isoengpor
dc.peerreviewedyespor
dc.publisherElsevierpor
dc.relation.ispartofseriesAtmospheric Environment; Vol. 45, Issue 10
dc.relation.publisherversionhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231011000252por
dc.subjectIndoor airpor
dc.subjectTobacco smokepor
dc.subjectPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)por
dc.subjectPhase distributionpor
dc.subjectHealth riskspor
dc.subjectMicrowave-assisted extraction (MAE)por
dc.titlePolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in gas and particulate phases of indoor environments influenced by tobacco smoke: levels, phase distributions, and health riskspor
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage1808por
oaire.citation.issueIssue 10
oaire.citation.startPage1799por
oaire.citation.titleAtmospheric Environment
oaire.citation.volumeVol. 45
person.familyNameDelerue-Matos
person.familyNameAlvim-Ferraz
person.familyNameMorais
person.givenNameCristina
person.givenNameMaria da Conceição
person.givenNameSimone
person.identifier1598822
person.identifier.ciencia-id9A1A-43FB-5C27
person.identifier.ciencia-id621C-0AAB-ABF9
person.identifier.ciencia-idB111-BBFB-F200
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3924-776X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8212-8718
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6433-5801
person.identifier.ridD-4990-2013
person.identifier.ridP-9868-2017
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6603741848
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6603921357
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7007053747
rcaap.rightsclosedAccesspor
rcaap.typearticlepor
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