| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30.72 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
Se no fim do século XVIII a passagem da produção artesanal para a produção com recurso a máquinas veio revolucionar toda a indústria, atualmente estamos também a vivenciar uma mudança que tem tido um grande impacto neste mesmo setor. De facto, estamos perante um momento de grande crescimento tecnológico que traz consigo inúmeras vantagens quando direcionado para a produção industrial. O aumento da capacidade de produção, por melhoria dos processos e diminuição da probabilidade de erro, e o aumento da produtividade constituem assim aspetos positivos que advêm da automatização dos processos de fabrico. Sendo uma realidade a necessidade de produzir produtos de qualidade em grandes quantidades e num curto espaço de tempo, as empresas têm apostado cada vez mais na automatização da sua produção. Nesta perspetiva, a empresa WRK, Lda, sediada em Gondomar, Portugal, dedica-se `a criação exclusiva de soluções automatizadas `a medida das necessidades do cliente. Tendo sido neste contexto que foi desenvolvido o equipamento que deu origem a esta dissertação. Em colaboração com a equipa de projecto mecânico foi desenvolvida uma célula com a finalidade de automatizar testes que visam a verificação da funcionalidade de uma peça que será constituinte de um automóvel. Sendo de referenciar três etapas essenciais nesse processo, sendo elas: zona de entrada de peças; a zona de testes e a zona de saída. Para que estas etapas ocorram de forma sequencial, foi necessário realizar a programação de um PLC em linguagem Ladder, com objectivo de que este funcionasse como cérebro do sistema, sendo responsável pelo controlo de todos os elementos. Para além disso foi também necessário o recurso a uma rede industrial para comunicação com outros sistemas, motores, consola HMI, cilindros pneumáticos e detectores. O objectivo desta dissertação passa então por explanar detalhadamente como se procedeu `a automatização do processo de verificação e testes de uma peça plástica na saída de uma máquina de injeção, abordando a componente elétrica, a programação e o comando do equipamento.
If in the end of the 18th century the transition from handmade to machine made production revolutionized the entire industry, we are now experiencing a change that has had a great impact in this sector. We are, indeed, facing a moment of great technological growth that brings with it countless advantages when directed towards industrial production. The increase in production capacity, by improving processes and reducing the probability of error, and increasing productivity are positive aspects that come from the automation of manufacturing processes. Since it is necessary to produce quality products in large quantities and in a short space of time, companies have been trusting and engaging more and more in the automation of their production. In this perspective, the company WRK, Lda, located in Gondomar, Portugal, is dedicated to the exclusive creation of automated solutions based on the client’s needs. It was in this context that the equipment described in this dissertation was developed. In collaboration with the mechanical design team, a cell was developed with the purpose of automating tests aimed at verifying the functionality of a part that will be a component of a car. There are three essential steps in this process, which are: zone of entry of parts; the test zone and the exit zone. In order for these steps to occur sequentially, it was necessary to program a PLC in Ladder language, to work as the brain of the system, being responsible for the control of all the elements. In addition, it was also necessary to use an industrial network for communication with other systems, motors, HMI console, pneumatic cylinders and detectors. The purpose of this dissertation is to explain in details how the process of verification and test of a plastic part was carried out at the exit of an injection machine, addressing the electrical component, programming and control of the equipment.
If in the end of the 18th century the transition from handmade to machine made production revolutionized the entire industry, we are now experiencing a change that has had a great impact in this sector. We are, indeed, facing a moment of great technological growth that brings with it countless advantages when directed towards industrial production. The increase in production capacity, by improving processes and reducing the probability of error, and increasing productivity are positive aspects that come from the automation of manufacturing processes. Since it is necessary to produce quality products in large quantities and in a short space of time, companies have been trusting and engaging more and more in the automation of their production. In this perspective, the company WRK, Lda, located in Gondomar, Portugal, is dedicated to the exclusive creation of automated solutions based on the client’s needs. It was in this context that the equipment described in this dissertation was developed. In collaboration with the mechanical design team, a cell was developed with the purpose of automating tests aimed at verifying the functionality of a part that will be a component of a car. There are three essential steps in this process, which are: zone of entry of parts; the test zone and the exit zone. In order for these steps to occur sequentially, it was necessary to program a PLC in Ladder language, to work as the brain of the system, being responsible for the control of all the elements. In addition, it was also necessary to use an industrial network for communication with other systems, motors, HMI console, pneumatic cylinders and detectors. The purpose of this dissertation is to explain in details how the process of verification and test of a plastic part was carried out at the exit of an injection machine, addressing the electrical component, programming and control of the equipment.
Description
Keywords
Automação Soluções automatizadas Testes PLC Ladder Automation Automated solutions Tests