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Abstract(s)
No contexto atual, a disseminação de desinformação nas redes sociais representa um desafio
significativo para a integridade da informação e confiança pública numa escala sem precedentes.
Este fenómeno, caraterizado pela disseminação deliberada de informações falsas ou enganosas,
tem se tornado cada vez mais crítico, especialmente com o aparecimento da internet e das redes
sociais, comprometendo não só a objetividade dos factos, mas tambem a própria essência da
verdade. A desinformação tem consequências significativas e abragentes como minar a confiança
nas instituições públicas, distorcer o detabe público, polarizar a sociedade, alimentar conflitos e
até mesmo colocar em risco a saúde pública. Neste contexto, os objetivos desta investigação
consistem em avaliar se o grau de pensamento analítico determina a capacidade para identificar
notícias falsas nas redes sociais, bem como se este pode ser influenciado pelo conhecimento de
verificadores de factos, pelo acompanhamento de verificadores de factos e pela credibilidade
percebida dos verificadores de factos, mas tambem analisar se o consumo de media noticiosos, o
conhecimento de verificadores de factos, o acompanhamneto de verificadores de factos e a
credibilidade percebida nos verificadores de factos podem determinar a capacidade para
identificar notícias falsas nas redes sociais. Recorrendo a uma metodologia quantitativa, baseada
num processo hipotético-dedutivo, suportado por inquérito por questionário administrado
presencialmente, estudamos estas influências numa amostra de 162 participantes. Os resultados
revelam uma tendência clara para um raciocínio analítico muito pobre entre os adolescentes,
assente em sistemas experienciais. Observamos que mais de metade dos jovens (67,1%)
obtiveram uma pontuação de 0 (zero). Concluímos ainda que, em termos gerais, a capacidade
para identificar noticias falsas é também muito baixa, variando entre os 3 e os 5,5 pontos, num
máximo de 14 pontos. Para a nossa amostra, nenhuma das hipóteses de investigação foi
confirmada. Cremos que o facto de o pensamento analítico (PA) não se relacionar com nenhuma
das outras variáveis em estudo reside na caraterística da amostra que apresenta níveis muito
baixos de pensamento analítico, não dispondo de dados diversificados o suficiente para identificar
padrões ou tendências em casos de elevado desempenho. Acresce que a capacidade para
identificar notícias falsas (CINF) é igualmente extremamente baixa ou totalmente insuficiente.
Efetivamente, a amostra não possui amplitude suficiente de casos de elevado desempenho, que
nos permitam avaliar e relacionar outras variáveis comportamentais associadas a estes casos, o
que receamos poder revelar uma tendência entre adolescentes.
In the current context, the dissemination of misinformation on social media represents a significant challenge to the integrity of information and public trust on an unprecedented scale. This phenomenon, characterized by the deliberate spread of false or misleading information, has become increasingly critical, particularly with the advent of the internet and social networks, compromising not only the objectivity of facts but also the very essence of truth. Misinformation has far-reaching and significant consequences, such as undermining trust in public institutions, distorting public debate, polarizing society, fueling conflicts, and even jeopardizing public health. In this context, the objectives of this research are to evaluate whether the level of analytical thinking determines the ability to identify fake news on social media, as well as whether this ability can be influenced by awareness of fact-checkers, fact-checking habits, and the perceived credibility of fact-checkers. Additionally, the study aims to analyze whether the consumption of news media, awareness of fact-checkers, fact-checking habits, and perceived credibility of fact checkers can determine the ability to identify fake news on social media. Using a quantitative methodology, based on a hypothetical-deductive process supported by a questionnaire survey administered in person, we examined these influences in a sample of 208 participants. The results reveal a clear tendency towards very poor analytical reasoning among adolescents, based on experiential systems. We observed that more than half of the young people (67,1%) scored 0 (zero). We also concluded that, in general, the ability to identify fake news is very low, ranging from 3 to 5.5 points out of a maximum of 14 points. For our sample, none of the research hypotheses were confirmed. We believe that the fact that analytical thinking is not related to any of the other variables under study lies in the characteristic of the sample, which presents very low levels of analytical thinking, lacking diversified data sufficient to identify patterns or trends in cases of high performance. Furthermore, the ability to identify fake news (CINF) is also extremely low or completely insufficient. Indeed, the sample does not have a sufficient range of high performance cases that would allow us to evaluate and relate other behavioral variables associated with these cases, which we fear may reveal a trend among adolescents.
In the current context, the dissemination of misinformation on social media represents a significant challenge to the integrity of information and public trust on an unprecedented scale. This phenomenon, characterized by the deliberate spread of false or misleading information, has become increasingly critical, particularly with the advent of the internet and social networks, compromising not only the objectivity of facts but also the very essence of truth. Misinformation has far-reaching and significant consequences, such as undermining trust in public institutions, distorting public debate, polarizing society, fueling conflicts, and even jeopardizing public health. In this context, the objectives of this research are to evaluate whether the level of analytical thinking determines the ability to identify fake news on social media, as well as whether this ability can be influenced by awareness of fact-checkers, fact-checking habits, and the perceived credibility of fact-checkers. Additionally, the study aims to analyze whether the consumption of news media, awareness of fact-checkers, fact-checking habits, and perceived credibility of fact checkers can determine the ability to identify fake news on social media. Using a quantitative methodology, based on a hypothetical-deductive process supported by a questionnaire survey administered in person, we examined these influences in a sample of 208 participants. The results reveal a clear tendency towards very poor analytical reasoning among adolescents, based on experiential systems. We observed that more than half of the young people (67,1%) scored 0 (zero). We also concluded that, in general, the ability to identify fake news is very low, ranging from 3 to 5.5 points out of a maximum of 14 points. For our sample, none of the research hypotheses were confirmed. We believe that the fact that analytical thinking is not related to any of the other variables under study lies in the characteristic of the sample, which presents very low levels of analytical thinking, lacking diversified data sufficient to identify patterns or trends in cases of high performance. Furthermore, the ability to identify fake news (CINF) is also extremely low or completely insufficient. Indeed, the sample does not have a sufficient range of high performance cases that would allow us to evaluate and relate other behavioral variables associated with these cases, which we fear may reveal a trend among adolescents.
Description
Keywords
Desinformação Notícias falsas Pós-verdade Verificadores de factos Pensamento analitico Disinformation Fake news Post-truth Analytical thinking Fact checkers