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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Áreas florestais por todo o mundo são atingidas pela frequente ocorrência de incêndios, que sucedem de forma anual. Portugal não é exceção, sendo esta uma problemática grave e preocupante que, entre outros, tem como consequência desregulamentação dos processos biogeoquímicos presentes nos solos, visto que, ocorre alteração das suas características físico-químicas e biológicas. Na generalidade dos casos, não há aplicação de medidas preventivas ou de recuperação, sendo demorado o processo natural de restabelecimento das funções ambientais, ecológicas e produtivas das áreas afetadas pelo fogo. Tendo em conta a situação apresentada, é importante desenvolver investigação que permita avaliar o impacto do fogo nos solos e a aplicação de medidas de correção e mitigação; no presente trabalho recorreu-se à aplicação de um Tecnossolo como medida inovadora, com características corretivas que permitem aperfeiçoar e agilizar o restabelecimento das funções do solo. A presente investigação, tem como principal foco avaliar o impacto da sua utilização, quando aplicado em um solo previamente sujeito a um fogo prescrito, através da monitorização temporal das características físicas e químicas dos solos. O Tecnossolo foi então aplicado três meses depois do fogo prescrito tendo como objetivos principais favorecer o aumento de água útil e do carbono recalcitrante no solo e, ainda, melhorar a fertilidade e a resistência à erosão. O estudo incidiu numa área piloto localizada no Parque Natural de Montesinho, no distrito de Bragança, onde foram recolhidas amostras de solo previamente e após o fogo prescrito, para posterior caracterização laboratorial. As amostras foram recolhidas na zona tratada com Tecnossolo e, para controlo, fora desta, em diferentes parcelas, profundidades e datas. Foram analisadas em laboratório as seguintes propriedades:
concentração dos elementos constituintes, textura, pH em H2O e em KCl, condutividade elétrica, teor em matéria orgânica, teor em azoto, teor em água e teor de carbono orgânico total. Os ensaios realizados permitiram concluir que a textura é a propriedade menos afetada, tanto pelo fogo controlado aplicado quanto pela utilização do Tecnossolo, enquanto a condutividade elétrica apresenta a maior variação.
Forest areas around the world are affected by frequent fires, which occur annually. Portugal is no exception, and this is a serious and worrisome problem that, among others, results in the deregulation of biogeochemical processes present in soils, since there is a change in their physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. In most cases, there is no application of preventive or recovery measures, and the natural process of re-establishing the environmental, ecological, and productive functions of the areas affected by the fire is slow. Considering this situation, it is important to develop research to evaluate the impact of fire on soils and the application of corrective and mitigation measures; in this study, an engineered Technosoil was applied as an innovative remediation measure, with corrective characteristics that enable to improve and facilitate the re-establishment of soil functions. The main focus of the present research is to evaluate the impact of its use, when applied to soil previously subjected to prescribed fire, through the temporal monitoring of physical and chemical soil characteristics. The application of Technosoil was then carried out three months after the prescribed fire, having as its main objectives to promote the increase of usable water and recalcitrant carbon in the soil and also to improve fertility and resistance to erosion. The study focused on a pilot area located in the Montesinho Natural Park, Bragança district, where soil samples were collected before and after prescribed fire, for further laboratory characterization. The samples were collected in the area treated with Technosoil and, for control, outside of it, in different plots, depths, and dates. The following properties were analyzed: elemental composition, texture, pH in H2O and in KCl, electrical conductivity, and the levels of organic matter, nitrogen, water, and total organic carbon. The tests performed allowed us to conclude that the texture is the property less affected, either by the controlled fire applied or by the use of Technosoil. On the other hand, the electrical conductivity exhibited the highest variation.
Forest areas around the world are affected by frequent fires, which occur annually. Portugal is no exception, and this is a serious and worrisome problem that, among others, results in the deregulation of biogeochemical processes present in soils, since there is a change in their physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. In most cases, there is no application of preventive or recovery measures, and the natural process of re-establishing the environmental, ecological, and productive functions of the areas affected by the fire is slow. Considering this situation, it is important to develop research to evaluate the impact of fire on soils and the application of corrective and mitigation measures; in this study, an engineered Technosoil was applied as an innovative remediation measure, with corrective characteristics that enable to improve and facilitate the re-establishment of soil functions. The main focus of the present research is to evaluate the impact of its use, when applied to soil previously subjected to prescribed fire, through the temporal monitoring of physical and chemical soil characteristics. The application of Technosoil was then carried out three months after the prescribed fire, having as its main objectives to promote the increase of usable water and recalcitrant carbon in the soil and also to improve fertility and resistance to erosion. The study focused on a pilot area located in the Montesinho Natural Park, Bragança district, where soil samples were collected before and after prescribed fire, for further laboratory characterization. The samples were collected in the area treated with Technosoil and, for control, outside of it, in different plots, depths, and dates. The following properties were analyzed: elemental composition, texture, pH in H2O and in KCl, electrical conductivity, and the levels of organic matter, nitrogen, water, and total organic carbon. The tests performed allowed us to conclude that the texture is the property less affected, either by the controlled fire applied or by the use of Technosoil. On the other hand, the electrical conductivity exhibited the highest variation.
Description
Keywords
Technosoils Soils Forest Fires Geoenvironment Soil Remediation