Loading...
Publication
Estudo comparativo de uma solução com CO2 transcrítico VS um chiller a NH3 para um sistema de refrigeração comercial
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A proteção ambiental tem sido uma preocupação crescente na população mundial já há alguns
anos dado o impacto cada vez mais relevante das alterações climáticas causado pelo
aquecimento global e emissões de gases de efeito de estufa. Essas preocupações resultaram
em restrições legislativas que limitam o uso de gases fluorados com efeito de estufa,
pressionando o setor industrial e comercial como supermercados e hipermercados a aderir a
alternativas mais viáveis não só do ponto de vista económico, mas também do ponto de vista
ambiental. A alternativa passa pelo uso de fluidos frigorigéneos naturais, como por exemplo o
amoníaco, dióxido de carbono e água, e cada um destes, naturalmente, apresenta as suas
próprias características, vantagens e desvantagens que os caracterizam. Portanto, é crucial
entender qual fluido é mais adequado para instalações frigoríficas comerciais, considerando as
opções disponíveis no mercado. Além disso, é importante determinar quais os sistemas
frigoríficos que utilizam fluidos naturais são os mais apropriados para projetos específicos. O
presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo caracterizar os sistemas a dióxido de carbono
transcrítico, bem como o sistema a amoníaco com distribuição de água glicolada, analisando
qual deles é mais adequado através do estudo de um caso prático. Para isso, foi realizada uma
descrição pormenorizada dos fluidos frigorigéneos em estudo, salientando as suas
características, bem como os tipos de sistemas onde são utilizados e uma descrição dos
componentes desses sistemas. Com essa análise, será possível escolher o melhor sistema para
este caso de estudo, e para isso foram utilizados indicadores de desempenho (KPI), para
comparar e analisar os dois sistemas, permitindo identificar, no final, qual o mais eficiente.
Environmental protection has been a growing concern among the world’s population for some years now given the increasingly significant impact of climate change caused by global warming and greenhouse gas emissions. These concerns have resulted in legislative restrictions limiting the use of fluorinated greenhouse gases, putting pressure on the industrial and commercial sector such as supermarkets and hypermarkets to adhere to more viable alternatives not only from an economic point of view, but also from an environmental perspective. The alternative is to use natural refrigerants, such as ammonia, carbon dioxide and water, each of which naturally has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. It is therefore crucial to understand which fluid is most suitable for commercial refrigeration installations, considering the options available on the market. In addition, it is important to determinate which refrigeration system using natural fluids are the most appropriate for specific projects. The main objective of this work is to characterize the transcritical carbon dioxide systems, as well ammonia system with glycol water distribution, analyzing which of them is most suitable by studying a practical case. To do this, a detailed description of the refrigerants under study was carried out, highlighting their characteristics, as well as the types of systems in which they are used and description of the components of these systems. With this analysis, it will be possible to choose the best system for this case study. To this end, performance indicators (KPIs) were used to compare and analyze the two systems, allowing us to ultimately identify which is the most efficient.
Environmental protection has been a growing concern among the world’s population for some years now given the increasingly significant impact of climate change caused by global warming and greenhouse gas emissions. These concerns have resulted in legislative restrictions limiting the use of fluorinated greenhouse gases, putting pressure on the industrial and commercial sector such as supermarkets and hypermarkets to adhere to more viable alternatives not only from an economic point of view, but also from an environmental perspective. The alternative is to use natural refrigerants, such as ammonia, carbon dioxide and water, each of which naturally has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. It is therefore crucial to understand which fluid is most suitable for commercial refrigeration installations, considering the options available on the market. In addition, it is important to determinate which refrigeration system using natural fluids are the most appropriate for specific projects. The main objective of this work is to characterize the transcritical carbon dioxide systems, as well ammonia system with glycol water distribution, analyzing which of them is most suitable by studying a practical case. To do this, a detailed description of the refrigerants under study was carried out, highlighting their characteristics, as well as the types of systems in which they are used and description of the components of these systems. With this analysis, it will be possible to choose the best system for this case study. To this end, performance indicators (KPIs) were used to compare and analyze the two systems, allowing us to ultimately identify which is the most efficient.
Description
Keywords
Refrigeration transcritical carbon dioxide ammonia glycol water commercial refrigeration tnstallations energy efficiency Refrigeração Dióxido de carbono transcrítico Amoníaco Água glicolada Instalações frigoríficas comerciais Eficiência energética