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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Nas últimas décadas, devido à consciência global relativamente aos problemas climáticos e ambientais juntamente com a necessidade de se diversificar a matriz energética mundial, houve um grande desenvolvimento das energias de fontes renováveis com destaque para a energia solar fotovoltaica. Sabe-se que os sistemas de geração solar fotovoltaica atualmente são acessíveis aos consumidores residenciais e possuem um custo benefício já comprovado em Portugal, em virtude dos índices de radiação solar do país. Entretanto um fator que impede que esse tipo de geração de energia seja melhor aproveitado é a sua intermitência, o que faz com que uma boa parcela da energia produzida não seja consumida diretamente pela instalação, tendo de ser fornecida à rede elétrica de modo ser obtida uma remuneração que costuma ser muito inferior ao que seria poupado devido ao próprio autoconsumo. Diante desse contexto, nesta tese de mestrado foi elaborado um estudo de viabilidade técnico económico para uma unidade de produção para autoconsumo residencial com inclusão de sistemas de armazenamento de energia com baterias de diferentes capacidades (5 kWh, 7,5 kWh e 10 kWh), utilizando o software Excel, para um consumidor localizado no norte de Portugal. As análises dos resultados obtidos pelo estudo indicaram que de fato houve um aumento considerável da autossuficiência do sistema fotovoltaico após a inclusão do sistema de armazenamento para cada cenário, entretanto os resultados da análise económica não se mostraram satisfatórios para os dias de hoje. Portanto, após isso foi feita uma outra análise económica levando-se em consideração os custos aproximados com aquisição de baterias para o ano de 2030 na qual foram obtidos resultados que já possibilitaram viabilidade financeira para a simulação com o sistema de armazenamento de capacidade de 5 kWh.
In the last decades, due to the global awareness of climate and environmental problems along with the need to diversify the world energy mix, there has been a great development of renewable energy sources with an emphasis on the solar photovoltaic energy. It is known that solar photovoltaic generation systems are currently affordable to residential consumers and have proven cost-effective in Portugal, due to the country's solar radiation indexes. However, a factor that prevents this type of energy generation from being better utilized is its intermittency, which means that a good portion of the energy produced is not consumed directly by the installation and has to be supplied to the grid in order to obtain a remuneration that is usually much lower than what would be saved due to selfconsumption. Given this context, in this master's thesis, a technical and economic feasibility study was developed for a production unit for residential self-consumption with the addition of energy storage systems with batteries of different capacities (5 kWh, 7.5 kWh, and 10 kWh), using Excel software, for a consumer located in northern Portugal. The analyses of the results obtained by the study indicated that there was indeed a considerable increase in the self-sufficiency of the photovoltaic system after the addition of the storage system for each scenario, however, the results of the economic analysis did not prove satisfactory for today. Therefore, after that, another economic analysis was made taking into consideration the approximate costs of the acquisition of batteries for the year 2030 in which results were obtained that already allowed financial viability for the simulation with the storage system of 5 kWh capacity.
In the last decades, due to the global awareness of climate and environmental problems along with the need to diversify the world energy mix, there has been a great development of renewable energy sources with an emphasis on the solar photovoltaic energy. It is known that solar photovoltaic generation systems are currently affordable to residential consumers and have proven cost-effective in Portugal, due to the country's solar radiation indexes. However, a factor that prevents this type of energy generation from being better utilized is its intermittency, which means that a good portion of the energy produced is not consumed directly by the installation and has to be supplied to the grid in order to obtain a remuneration that is usually much lower than what would be saved due to selfconsumption. Given this context, in this master's thesis, a technical and economic feasibility study was developed for a production unit for residential self-consumption with the addition of energy storage systems with batteries of different capacities (5 kWh, 7.5 kWh, and 10 kWh), using Excel software, for a consumer located in northern Portugal. The analyses of the results obtained by the study indicated that there was indeed a considerable increase in the self-sufficiency of the photovoltaic system after the addition of the storage system for each scenario, however, the results of the economic analysis did not prove satisfactory for today. Therefore, after that, another economic analysis was made taking into consideration the approximate costs of the acquisition of batteries for the year 2030 in which results were obtained that already allowed financial viability for the simulation with the storage system of 5 kWh capacity.
Description
Keywords
Energia Solar Fotovoltaica Energias de Fontes Renováveis Matriz Energética Autoconsumo Sistema de Armazenamento de Energia Unidade de Produção para Autoconsumo Solar Photovoltaic Energy Renewable Energy Energy Storage Systems Selfconsumption Energy Mix