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Otimização de armazenamento de energia com utilização de hidrogénio
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 5.49 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A transição energética global impulsionou inúmeros investimentos ao longo dos últimos anos
em energias renováveis, nomeadamente eólica e solar. Porém a sua intermitência apresenta
um desafio relevante, especificamente a níveis de segurança no abastecimento energético. A
procura por soluções eficientes e estratégicas para mitigar a intermitência das mesmas tem
vindo a aumentar, o hidrogénio apresenta-se como um vetor energético promissor capaz de
armazenar energia excedente de fontes renováveis e permitir a sua posterior reconversão em
eletricidade ou aplicações na mobilidade.
Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é estudar uma solução integrada na produção,
armazenamento e reconversão de hidrogénio, com foco na otimização técnica e económica.
Inicialmente, é feita uma pesquisa das principais tecnologias de produção de hidrogénio
recorrendo a eletrolisadores, armazenamento de hidrogénio e a reconversão do mesmo
utilizando motores de combustão interna a hidrogénio ou células de combustível.
O projeto foi apresentado pela empresa Finerge, nomeadamente pelo Engenheiro Celso Xavier
que desempenha a função de gestor de inovação, a localização do projeto em estudo é na
central eólica da Raia com posterior soma de três aerogeradores e dois parques solares. O
objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar todo o sistema, ou seja, determinar as características técnicas
ideais de cada componente de forma a obter o melhor lucro. Para isto foram desenvolvidos
modelos de simulação em Excel de forma a integrar o curtailment proveniente do parque
mencionado anteriormente com a produção de hidrogénio. Posteriormente é avaliada também
a possibilidade de integrar a produção de hidrogénio com o mercado MIBEL, adição de baterias
para maior autonomia de produção do sistema e venda de hidrogénio para mobilidade com o
intuito de se conseguir uma melhor viabilidade económica do projeto. É ainda analisado um
caso particular da possibilidade de um motor de combustão interna alimentado a hidrogénio
prestar serviços de sistema de reserva secundária.
Concluiu-se de uma forma geral que equipamentos de maior escala apresentaram indicadores
económicos mais favoráveis, dado que o custo de equipamento por unidade de potência é
menor em equipamentos de maior escala do que equipamentos de menor escala. Contudo,
verificou-se que os custos das tecnologias, face à receita gerada no presente projeto, são muito
elevados o que compromete a viabilidade económica do mesmo.
The global energy transition has driven numerous investments in recent years in renewable energy sources, namely wind and solar. However, their intermittency presents a significant challenge, particularly in terms of energy supply security. The search for efficient and strategic solutions to mitigate this intermittency has been increasing. Hydrogen emerges as a promising energy vector capable of storing surplus energy from renewable sources and allowing its subsequent reconversion into electricity or mobility applications. In this context, the objective of this work is to study an integrated solution for the production, storage, and reconversion of hydrogen, focusing on technical and economic optimization. Initially, a review is carried out on the main hydrogen production technologies using electrolyzers, hydrogen storage methods, and its reconversion using hydrogen internal combustion engines or fuel cells. The project was presented by the company Finerge, namely by Engineer Celso Xavier, who serves as Innovation Manager. The location of the project under study is the Raia wind farm, with the later addition of three wind turbines and two solar parks. The aim of this work is to evaluate the entire system, that is, to determine the ideal technical characteristics of each component to achieve the highest profit. To this end, simulation models were developed in Excel to integrate curtailment from the park with hydrogen production. The possibility of integrating hydrogen production with the MIBEL market is also assessed, as well as the addition of batteries to increase the system’s production autonomy and the sale of hydrogen for mobility, with the goal of improving the project’s economic feasibility. A particular case of the possibility of a hydrogenpowered internal combustion engine providing secondary reserve system services is also analyzed. In general, it was concluded that large-scale equipment presented more favorable economic indicators, since the equipment cost per unit of power is lower in larger-scale devices than in smaller-scale ones. However, it was found that the costs of the technologies, compared to the revenue generated in this project, are very high, which compromises its economic viability.
The global energy transition has driven numerous investments in recent years in renewable energy sources, namely wind and solar. However, their intermittency presents a significant challenge, particularly in terms of energy supply security. The search for efficient and strategic solutions to mitigate this intermittency has been increasing. Hydrogen emerges as a promising energy vector capable of storing surplus energy from renewable sources and allowing its subsequent reconversion into electricity or mobility applications. In this context, the objective of this work is to study an integrated solution for the production, storage, and reconversion of hydrogen, focusing on technical and economic optimization. Initially, a review is carried out on the main hydrogen production technologies using electrolyzers, hydrogen storage methods, and its reconversion using hydrogen internal combustion engines or fuel cells. The project was presented by the company Finerge, namely by Engineer Celso Xavier, who serves as Innovation Manager. The location of the project under study is the Raia wind farm, with the later addition of three wind turbines and two solar parks. The aim of this work is to evaluate the entire system, that is, to determine the ideal technical characteristics of each component to achieve the highest profit. To this end, simulation models were developed in Excel to integrate curtailment from the park with hydrogen production. The possibility of integrating hydrogen production with the MIBEL market is also assessed, as well as the addition of batteries to increase the system’s production autonomy and the sale of hydrogen for mobility, with the goal of improving the project’s economic feasibility. A particular case of the possibility of a hydrogenpowered internal combustion engine providing secondary reserve system services is also analyzed. In general, it was concluded that large-scale equipment presented more favorable economic indicators, since the equipment cost per unit of power is lower in larger-scale devices than in smaller-scale ones. However, it was found that the costs of the technologies, compared to the revenue generated in this project, are very high, which compromises its economic viability.
Description
Keywords
Hydrogen energy storage Power-to-Power internal combustion engines curtailment system services Armazenamento de energiagia Hidrogénio Motores de combustão interna Serviços de sistema