| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| DM_AnaFerreira_MSOL_2023 | 1.82 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A presente Dissertação de Mestrado tem como principal objetivo, não só apreciar todos os aspetos inovadores introduzidos pela Lei n.º 8/2022 de 10 de janeiro, efetuando uma análise rigorosa por interpretação e explicação dos preceitos legais, doutrina e jurisprudência anteriores, confrontando-as com a redação atual da lei, mas também analisar o Projeto-Lei n.º 718/XIV/2.ª e os pareceres emitidos, de forma a procurar desvendar os motivos subjacentes à referida alteração e, sempre que possível, expor possíveis problemáticas relativamente a lacunas ou expressões que possam proporcionar interpretações e aplicações distintas, avançando com viáveis respostas.
Para alcançar o resultado proposto principiamos por apresentar uma referência à evolução histórica do instituto da propriedade horizontal, a qual nos parece de relevância, pois permite-nos compreender a sua origem e as principais alterações legislativas.
No primeiro capítulo, começamos por abordar, de uma forma geral, o tema de propriedade horizontal e condomínio, uma vez que é crucial para o entendimento de aspetos que serão contemplados no decorrer deste estudo. Tratamos do objeto da propriedade horizontal, referimos os requisitos das frações autónomas, as partes comuns do edifício e as consequências pela falta desses requisitos. Referimos, ainda, o regime da propriedade horizontal sobre o conjunto de edifícios e finalizaremos expondo umas breves notas sobre a natureza jurídica da propriedade horizontal, bem como sobre as diversas formas da sua constituição e registo subsequente.
No segundo capítulo destacamos a novidade prevista no artigo 1419.º, n.º 2 do CC com a introdução de um elemento facilitador para a modificação do título constitutivo da propriedade horizontal, tantas vezes impossibilitado, sem fundamento objetivo e razoável, através da pura e simples recusa do consentimento de minorias que acabam por impedir a sua modificação. Na verdade, a exigência prevista no n.º 1 da norma era entendida pela doutrina e jurisprudência anteriores como imperativa, portanto, só o acordo unânime, devidamente formalizado, de todos os condóminos, poderia validar a modificação do título constitutivo, afastando-se, assim, a possibilidade de suprimento judicial, o qual tem natureza excecional.
The main objective of this Master's Thesis is not only to appreciate all the innovative aspects introduced by Law 8/2022 of 10 January, carrying out a rigorous analysis by interpretation and explanation of the previous legal precepts, doctrine and jurisprudence, confronting them with the current wording of the law, but also to analyze the Project-Law 718/XIV/2.ª and the opinions issued, in order to seek to uncover the reasons underlying the aforementioned change and whenever possible, expose possible problems regarding gaps or expressions that can provide different interpretations and applications, advancing with viable answers. To achieve the proposed result we begin by presenting a reference to the historical evolution of the institute of horizontal property, which seems to us of relevance, since it allows us to understand its origin and the main legislative changes. In the first chapter, we begin by addressing, in a general way, the theme of horizontal property and condominium, since it is crucial for the understanding of aspects that will be contemplated in the course of this study. We deal with the object of the horizontal property, we refer to the requirements of the autonomous fractions, the common parts of the building and the consequences for the lack of these requirements. We also refer to the regime of horizontal ownership over the set of buildings and we will end by exposing a few brief notes on the legal nature of horizontal property, as well as on the various forms of its constitution and subsequent registration. In the second chapter we highlight the novelty provided for in Article 1419, n.º 2 of the Civil Code with the introduction of a facilitating element for the modification of the constitutive title of the horizontal property, so often impossible, without objective and reasonable grounds, through the pure and simple refusal of the consent of minorities that end up preventing its modification. In fact, the requirement laid down in n.º 1 of the rule was understood by the previous doctrine and jurisprudence as imperative, therefore, only the unanimous agreement, duly formalized, of all the joint owners, could validate the modification of the constitutive title, thus ruling out the possibility of judicial supply, which is of an exceptional nature.
The main objective of this Master's Thesis is not only to appreciate all the innovative aspects introduced by Law 8/2022 of 10 January, carrying out a rigorous analysis by interpretation and explanation of the previous legal precepts, doctrine and jurisprudence, confronting them with the current wording of the law, but also to analyze the Project-Law 718/XIV/2.ª and the opinions issued, in order to seek to uncover the reasons underlying the aforementioned change and whenever possible, expose possible problems regarding gaps or expressions that can provide different interpretations and applications, advancing with viable answers. To achieve the proposed result we begin by presenting a reference to the historical evolution of the institute of horizontal property, which seems to us of relevance, since it allows us to understand its origin and the main legislative changes. In the first chapter, we begin by addressing, in a general way, the theme of horizontal property and condominium, since it is crucial for the understanding of aspects that will be contemplated in the course of this study. We deal with the object of the horizontal property, we refer to the requirements of the autonomous fractions, the common parts of the building and the consequences for the lack of these requirements. We also refer to the regime of horizontal ownership over the set of buildings and we will end by exposing a few brief notes on the legal nature of horizontal property, as well as on the various forms of its constitution and subsequent registration. In the second chapter we highlight the novelty provided for in Article 1419, n.º 2 of the Civil Code with the introduction of a facilitating element for the modification of the constitutive title of the horizontal property, so often impossible, without objective and reasonable grounds, through the pure and simple refusal of the consent of minorities that end up preventing its modification. In fact, the requirement laid down in n.º 1 of the rule was understood by the previous doctrine and jurisprudence as imperative, therefore, only the unanimous agreement, duly formalized, of all the joint owners, could validate the modification of the constitutive title, thus ruling out the possibility of judicial supply, which is of an exceptional nature.
Description
Keywords
Lei n.º 8/2022 de 10 de janeiro Modificação do Título Constitutivo Responsabilidade pelos Encargos e Dívidas de Condomínio Requisitos Exequibilidade das Atas de Assembleia