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Soluções integradas de carregamento para viaturas elétricas: Habitação e empresas com e sem UPAC
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.51 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A mobilidade elétrica e as energias renováveis têm um papel chave para o desenvolvimento sustentável em Portugal e transição energética. A adoção de veículos elétricos e o uso de energia limpa são prioridades para se reduzir as emissões de gases efeito de estufa. Um aspeto relevante na mobilidade elétrica é a existência de soluções de carregamento que consigam dar resposta às necessidades dos diferentes tipos de utilizadores de veículos elétricos. Este projeto visa explorar diferentes tipos de soluções de carregamento de viaturas elétricas, considerando opção com o uso de energia fotovoltaica e outras opções também com sistemas de armazenamento, com o objetivo de avaliar a viabilidade económica e técnica, bem como a rentabilidade em diferentes contextos de utilização. Um dos objetivos deste trabalho é, através dos resultados obtidos, conseguir padronizar solução para casos futuros consoante a necessidade e o hábito de consumo do utilizador. Para atingir os objetivos em questão, é criado um website, em que o consumidor preenche um questionário onde partilha o tipo de instalação pretendida. Posteriormente são definidos os equipamentos a aplicar nas diferentes soluções. Por fim, o dimensionamento de sistemas fotovoltaicos e sistemas de armazenamento (baterias) é através do software PVGIS. Consegue-se verificar, com a realização deste trabalho, que a utilização de viaturas elétricas é bastante vantajosa em relação a utilização de viaturas a combustão para utilizadores que consigam carregar a sua viatura na residência ou empresa conseguindo-se períodos de retorno financeiro nos melhores cenários de, aproximadamente, um ano e três meses para empresas e dois anos e cinco meses para residências unifamiliares. Contudo, a utilização de baterias revela-se menos atrativa devido ao elevado custo inicial, aumentando o período de retorno. No entanto, o Valor Atual Líquido no caso residencial atinge os e no melhor cenário empresarial. Este projeto permite apresentar soluções padronizadas de carregamento de viaturas elétricas. No entanto, quando o consumidor pretende a instalação adicional de um sistema fotovoltaico ou de armazenamento, exige uma análise mais detalhada, conduzindo a um tempo de resposta superior.
Electric mobility and renewable energy play a key role in sustainable development in Portugal and the energy transition. The adoption of electric vehicles and the use of clean energy are priorities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A relevant aspect of electric mobility is the existence of charging solutions that can meet the needs of different types of electric vehicle users. This project aims to explore different types of charging solutions for electric vehicles, considering the use of photovoltaic energy and storage systems, with the aim of evaluating the economic and technical viability of each solution and which type of use is most profitable for each situation. To achieve the defined objectives, a website was developed where the consumer completes a questionnaire indicating the type of installation desired. Based on the responses provided, the appropriate equipment for each solution is identified and specified. The sizing of photovoltaic systems and storage systems (batteries) was carried out using the PVGIS software, which is recognized as a reference tool in the field. The results obtained demonstrate that the use of electric vehicles offers significant advantages compared to combustion vehicles, particularly for users with the possibility of charging at home or in a business environment, achieving payback periods in the best-case scenarios of approximately one year and three months for businesses and two years and five months for single-family homes. However, the integration of batteries proves to be less attractive due to the high initial investment and limited economic return increasing the payback period. However, the Net Present Value for residential vehicles reaches €5,595.56, and in the best-case business scenario, €65,774.39. This project enables the provision of standardized solutions for electric vehicle charging. Nevertheless, when the consumer opts for the additional installation of photovoltaic systems of storage, a more detailed analysis is required, resulting in a longer response time.
Electric mobility and renewable energy play a key role in sustainable development in Portugal and the energy transition. The adoption of electric vehicles and the use of clean energy are priorities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A relevant aspect of electric mobility is the existence of charging solutions that can meet the needs of different types of electric vehicle users. This project aims to explore different types of charging solutions for electric vehicles, considering the use of photovoltaic energy and storage systems, with the aim of evaluating the economic and technical viability of each solution and which type of use is most profitable for each situation. To achieve the defined objectives, a website was developed where the consumer completes a questionnaire indicating the type of installation desired. Based on the responses provided, the appropriate equipment for each solution is identified and specified. The sizing of photovoltaic systems and storage systems (batteries) was carried out using the PVGIS software, which is recognized as a reference tool in the field. The results obtained demonstrate that the use of electric vehicles offers significant advantages compared to combustion vehicles, particularly for users with the possibility of charging at home or in a business environment, achieving payback periods in the best-case scenarios of approximately one year and three months for businesses and two years and five months for single-family homes. However, the integration of batteries proves to be less attractive due to the high initial investment and limited economic return increasing the payback period. However, the Net Present Value for residential vehicles reaches €5,595.56, and in the best-case business scenario, €65,774.39. This project enables the provision of standardized solutions for electric vehicle charging. Nevertheless, when the consumer opts for the additional installation of photovoltaic systems of storage, a more detailed analysis is required, resulting in a longer response time.
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Keywords
Electric mobility Electric vehicle Electric Vehicle Charging Station Baterias de armazenamento Mobilidade elétrica Posto de carregamento de veículos elétricos Sistema fotovoltaico Veículo elétrico
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