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Authors
Abstract(s)
Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo o estudo dos efeitos dos processos de colonização
e de globalização no desenvolvimento económico de Angola e Moçambique após a sua
independência.
Para levar a cabo o estudo foi realizada, numa primeira fase, uma revisão da literatura em
torno destes dois conceitos. Posteriormente, desenvolveu-se uma análise empírica, de índole
descritiva, recorrendo à base de dados World Inequality Database. Neste estudo elegeu-se
os indicadores do PIB per capita e do rendimento nacional médio de 1950 a 2021, tendo-se
focado a assimetria da distribuição da riqueza nos dois países, no período de 1980 até 2021.
Conclui-se que o colonialismo pode ter contribuído para o fraco desenvolvimento económico
de Angola e Moçambique. A globalização, por via da abertura comercial ao exterior, pode
prejudicar o setor industrial ainda débil dos referidos países e, por conseguinte, o seu
crescimento e desenvolvimento económico. No que à pobreza e bem-estar diz respeito a
análise sugere que, muito dificilmente, a população dos dois países está melhor atualmente
do que estava nos últimos 25 anos do período colonial. A nível macroecónomico os dados
apontam que, apesar de ter havido crescimento económico no pós-independência, esse
crescimento não tem sido sustentado e, por isso, não se tem traduzido em desenvolvimento
económico, mantendo-se uma assimetria estrutural na distribuição da riqueza gerada.
The main aim of this paper is to study the colonization and globalization process effects , its relationship and relevance to the economic development of Angola and Mozambique after independence. To carry out the study, a literature review around these two concepts was carried out in a first phase. Subsequently, an empirical analysis of a descriptive nature was developed, using the World Inequality Database. This study chose the indicators of GDP per capita and average national income from 1950 to 2021, focusing on the asymmetry of the distribution of wealth in both countries, in the period from 1980 to 2021. It is concluded that colonialism may have contributed to the weak economic development of Angola and Mozambique. Globalisation, through the opening up of trade to the outside world, can harm the still weak industrial sector of these countries and, consequently, their growth and economic development. As far as poverty and well-being are concerned, the analysis suggests that, very hardly, the population of the two countries is better off today than it was in the last 25 years of the colonial period. At the macro-economic level, the data indicate that, although there has been economic growth in the post-independence period, this growth has not been sustained and, therefore, has not translated into economic development, maintaining a structural asymmetry in the distribution of wealth generated.
The main aim of this paper is to study the colonization and globalization process effects , its relationship and relevance to the economic development of Angola and Mozambique after independence. To carry out the study, a literature review around these two concepts was carried out in a first phase. Subsequently, an empirical analysis of a descriptive nature was developed, using the World Inequality Database. This study chose the indicators of GDP per capita and average national income from 1950 to 2021, focusing on the asymmetry of the distribution of wealth in both countries, in the period from 1980 to 2021. It is concluded that colonialism may have contributed to the weak economic development of Angola and Mozambique. Globalisation, through the opening up of trade to the outside world, can harm the still weak industrial sector of these countries and, consequently, their growth and economic development. As far as poverty and well-being are concerned, the analysis suggests that, very hardly, the population of the two countries is better off today than it was in the last 25 years of the colonial period. At the macro-economic level, the data indicate that, although there has been economic growth in the post-independence period, this growth has not been sustained and, therefore, has not translated into economic development, maintaining a structural asymmetry in the distribution of wealth generated.
Description
Keywords
Colonização Globalização Desenvolvimento Económico Neocolonialismo Angola Moçambique Colonization Mozambique Globalization Neocolonialism Economic development