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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
É objetivo deste trabalho, no âmbito de agilizar alterações às condições do processo de destilação para a produção de determinados produtos com propriedades definidas, simular o funcionamento das colunas T-2001 (coluna atmosférica) e T-2002 (coluna a vácuo) da unidade de destilação da Fábrica de Óleos Base da Refinaria de Matosinhos. Numa primeira fase procedeu-se ao levantamento das condições operatórias e modo de funcionamento das colunas bem como das características das correntes de saída laterais a saber: nafta, petróleo ou white spirit, gasóleo respeitantes à T-2001 e LVGO, Spindle, 100SN, 150SN, 500SN respeitantes à T-2002. Após o levantamento de toda a informação necessária para a realização da calibração do processo real no simulador, fez-se uma comparação entre os resultados das curvas de destilação segundo a norma ASTM D86 obtidas pelo Aspen Plus e as curvas de destilação obtidas nos ensaios realizados pelo laboratório da empresa, para cada produto da unidade de destilação da FOB, tendo-se dado particular atenção aos resultados da coluna de vácuo. Posto isto, obtiveram-se resultados relativamente satisfatórios, verificando-se as maiores diferenças entre os resultados para o LVGO e para o 500SN. Conclui-se que o aumento do número total de pratos da coluna de vácuo não afeta significativamente os resultados das curvas de destilação dos produtos da mesma e que o ajuste da curva TBP afasta a mesma da realidade da empresa, não sendo um procedimento a adotar. A aplicação de especificações de design na coluna, melhoram em geral os desvios entre os dados do simulador e do laboratório, tendo um efeito contrário no caso dos overlaps e nos caudais de saída dos produtos laterais da coluna de vácuo. Com a finalização do presente trabalho, obteve-se um modelo representativo da unidade de destilação da empresa que necessita ainda de alguns ajustes, para que possa ser usado como modelo de previsão em ciclos de operação onde se procure maximizar o rendimento de um determinado óleo base.
The objective of this work, in order to speed up changes in the distillation process conditions for producing certain products with defined properties, is simulate the operation of columns T-2001 (atmospheric column) and T-2002 (vacuum column) of the distillation unit of the Base Oil Factory of the Matosinhos Refinery. In a first phase, the operational conditions and the operating mode of the columns were surveyed, as well as the characteristics of the side exit products namely: naphtha, oil or white spirit, diesel related to T-2001 and LVGO, Spindle, 100SN, 150SN and 500SN related to T-2002. After collecting all the information necessary to carry out the calibration of the real process in the simulator, a comparison was made between the results of distillation curves according to the ASTM D86 standard obtained by Aspen Plus and the distillation curves obtained in the tests performed by the company’s laboratory, for each product of the FOB distillation unit, with particular attention to the results of the vacuum column. That said, relatively satisfactory results were obtained, with the greatest differences between the results for LVGO and 500SN. It was concluded that the increase in the total number of plates in the vacuum column does not affect the results of the products distillation curves, and that the adjustment of the TBP curve departs it from the reality of the company. The application of design specifications in the vacuum column, generally improves the errors between the simulator and laboratory results, having an opposite effect in the case of overlaps and output flows of the side products of the vacuum column. With the completion of this work a representative model of the company’s distillation unit was obtained that still needs some adjustments, so that it can be used as a forecasting model in operating cycles where it is possible to maximize the yield of a certain base oil.
The objective of this work, in order to speed up changes in the distillation process conditions for producing certain products with defined properties, is simulate the operation of columns T-2001 (atmospheric column) and T-2002 (vacuum column) of the distillation unit of the Base Oil Factory of the Matosinhos Refinery. In a first phase, the operational conditions and the operating mode of the columns were surveyed, as well as the characteristics of the side exit products namely: naphtha, oil or white spirit, diesel related to T-2001 and LVGO, Spindle, 100SN, 150SN and 500SN related to T-2002. After collecting all the information necessary to carry out the calibration of the real process in the simulator, a comparison was made between the results of distillation curves according to the ASTM D86 standard obtained by Aspen Plus and the distillation curves obtained in the tests performed by the company’s laboratory, for each product of the FOB distillation unit, with particular attention to the results of the vacuum column. That said, relatively satisfactory results were obtained, with the greatest differences between the results for LVGO and 500SN. It was concluded that the increase in the total number of plates in the vacuum column does not affect the results of the products distillation curves, and that the adjustment of the TBP curve departs it from the reality of the company. The application of design specifications in the vacuum column, generally improves the errors between the simulator and laboratory results, having an opposite effect in the case of overlaps and output flows of the side products of the vacuum column. With the completion of this work a representative model of the company’s distillation unit was obtained that still needs some adjustments, so that it can be used as a forecasting model in operating cycles where it is possible to maximize the yield of a certain base oil.
Description
Keywords
Colunas de Destilação Curvas de destilação Simulação Aspen Plus Distillation Columns Distillation Curves Simulation