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Mineral Content of Various Portuguese Breads: Characterization, Dietary Intake, and Discriminant Analysis

2019-07-31Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorTorrinha, Álvaro
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Marta
dc.contributor.authorMarinho, Susana
dc.contributor.authorPaíga, Paula
dc.contributor.authorDelerue-Matos, Cristina
dc.contributor.authorMorais, Simone
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-10T11:29:42Z
dc.date.available2020-07-10T11:29:42Z
dc.date.issued2019-07-31
dc.description.abstractThe chemical composition and daily mineral intake (DMI) of six macro (calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, phosphorous, and chloride) and four microminerals (copper, iron, manganese, and zinc) were determined in four types of Portuguese breads (white wheat, maize, wheat/maize, and maize/rye breads). Samples were processed with microwave assisted digestion and mineral composition was determined with a high-resolution continuum-source atomic absorption spectrometer with flame and graphite furnace. Bread contributes to an equilibrated diet since it is rich in several minerals (0.21 mg/100 g of copper in wheat bread to 537 mg/100 g of sodium in maize/rye bread). Maize/rye bread presented the highest content of all minerals (except phosphorous and chloride), while the lowest levels were mainly found in wheat bread. Median sodium concentrations (422-537 mg/100 g) represented more than 28% of the recommended daily allowance, being in close range of the maximum Portuguese limit (550 mg/100 g). Maize/rye bread exhibited the highest DMI of manganese (181%), sodium (36%), magnesium (32%), copper (32%), zinc (24%), iron (22%), potassium (20%), and calcium (3.0%). A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) model based on the mineral content allowed the differentiation among white wheat, maize, and maize/rye bread. Zinc, magnesium, manganese, iron, phosphorus, potassium, copper, and calcium proved to be good chemical markers to differentiate bread compositions.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by the projects Operação NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000011–Qualidade e Segurança Alimentar- uma abordagem (nano)tecnológica. This work was also supported by the project UID/QUI/50006/2019 with financial support from FCT/MEC through national funds and co-financed by FEDER. A. Torrinha is grateful for financial support provided by Fundação para Ciência e Tecnologia through fellowship PD/BD/109660/2015. M. Oliveira thanks to FCT/MCTES for the CEEC Individual 2017 Program Contract: CEECIND/03666/2017.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/molecules24152787pt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/16085
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherMDPIpt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/15/2787pt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectBreadspt_PT
dc.subjectMineral compositionpt_PT
dc.subjectHigh-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometerpt_PT
dc.subjectDaily intakept_PT
dc.subjectHeath risks and benefitspt_PT
dc.subjectChemometric discriminationpt_PT
dc.titleMineral Content of Various Portuguese Breads: Characterization, Dietary Intake, and Discriminant Analysispt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue15pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage2787pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleMoleculespt_PT
oaire.citation.volume24pt_PT
person.familyNameMarques de Oliveira
person.familyNamePaíga
person.familyNameDelerue-Matos
person.familyNameMorais
person.givenNameMarta Madalena
person.givenNamePaula
person.givenNameCristina
person.givenNameSimone
person.identifierE-1761-2011
person.identifier1668889
person.identifier1598822
person.identifier.ciencia-id0A1C-A89D-641A
person.identifier.ciencia-id331A-5D6A-D3C8
person.identifier.ciencia-id9A1A-43FB-5C27
person.identifier.ciencia-idB111-BBFB-F200
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4150-0151
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-9593-1355
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3924-776X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6433-5801
person.identifier.ridQ-4930-2018
person.identifier.ridD-4990-2013
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57202841330
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6506638953
person.identifier.scopus-author-id6603741848
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7007053747
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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