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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver um atenuador de impacto para um veĆculo automĆ³vel, destinado a participar na competiĆ§Ć£o Formula Student. Este veĆculo foi desenvolvido por uma equipa de alunos do Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, constituĆda com o objetivo de participar na referida competiĆ§Ć£o.
Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliogrĆ”fica para levantamento do estado da arte em sistemas de absorĆ§Ć£o de energia bem como dos modelos numĆ©ricos usados. Para o desenvolvimento do atenuador de impacto recorreu-se a software de modelaĆ§Ć£o 3D e simulaĆ§Ć£o numĆ©rica, com o objetivo de testar o desempenho de diferentes soluƧƵes.
Para a correta definiĆ§Ć£o dos parĆ¢metros do modelo de material usado na simulaĆ§Ć£o numĆ©rica, foi realizado um programa de ensaios experimentais. No final obteve-se um modelo de material com caracterĆsticas elasto-plĆ”sticas e de cedĆŖncia por introduĆ§Ć£o do parĆ¢metro de dano por corte.
Foram estudados dois atenuadores de impacto construĆdos pela equipa de alunos. Foram realizados ensaios experimentais de compactaĆ§Ć£o para levantamento das suas caracterĆsticas em termos de absorĆ§Ć£o de energia, tendo-se concluĆdo que nĆ£o atingiam os requisitos definidos. Foram testados modelos numĆ©ricos destes atenuadores recorrendo ao mĆ©todo de elementos finitos com uma anĆ”lise dinĆ¢mica explicita.
Foi desenvolvida uma metodologia que permitiu modelar um novo tipo de estrutura, tendo sido este objeto de simulaƧƵes numĆ©ricas e ensaios experimentais para avaliar o seu desempenho. Foi construĆda uma estrutura que cumpriu com sucesso os requisitos impostos pelo regulamento da competiĆ§Ć£o Formula Student.
This study aimed to develop an impact attenuator for a motor vehicle, intended to participate in the Formula Student competition. This vehicle was developed by a team of students of the School of Engineering of Porto, formed in order to participate in this competition. A literature search was performed in order to know the state of the art in energy-absorbing systems and in the numerical models that were used. For the development of the impact attenuator a 3D modeling software and numerical simulation were used, in order to test the performance of different solutions. For the correct setting of the parameters of the material model used in numerical simulation, an experimental testing program was carried out. At the end there was obtained a template material with elasto-plastic and yield characteristics using the shear damage parameter. Two impact attenuators built by the team of students were studied. Experimental compression tests were performed to survey its characteristics in terms of energy absorption, it was concluded that did not reached the requirements. Numerical models of these attenuators were tested using the finite element method with a dynamic analysis. A methodology was developed that allowed modeling a new type of structure, being this submitted to numerical simulations and experimental tests to evaluate its performance. A structure that successfully met the requirements, imposed by Formula Student competition rules, were built.
This study aimed to develop an impact attenuator for a motor vehicle, intended to participate in the Formula Student competition. This vehicle was developed by a team of students of the School of Engineering of Porto, formed in order to participate in this competition. A literature search was performed in order to know the state of the art in energy-absorbing systems and in the numerical models that were used. For the development of the impact attenuator a 3D modeling software and numerical simulation were used, in order to test the performance of different solutions. For the correct setting of the parameters of the material model used in numerical simulation, an experimental testing program was carried out. At the end there was obtained a template material with elasto-plastic and yield characteristics using the shear damage parameter. Two impact attenuators built by the team of students were studied. Experimental compression tests were performed to survey its characteristics in terms of energy absorption, it was concluded that did not reached the requirements. Numerical models of these attenuators were tested using the finite element method with a dynamic analysis. A methodology was developed that allowed modeling a new type of structure, being this submitted to numerical simulations and experimental tests to evaluate its performance. A structure that successfully met the requirements, imposed by Formula Student competition rules, were built.
Description
Keywords
SimulaĆ§Ć£o numĆ©rica CaracterizaĆ§Ć£o de material Ensaios experimentais Modelos de dano Elementos finitos AnĆ”lise dinĆ¢mica explĆcita AbsorĆ§Ć£o de energia Formula Student Atenuador de impacto Estrutura em ninho de abelha Numerical simulation Materials characterization Experimental testing Damage models Finite elements Explicit dynamic analysis Energy absorption Formula Student Impact attenuator Honeycomb