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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi necessário efetuar um acompanhamento em obra desde a abertura/alargamento de poços/chaminés subterrâneas até à sua fase final, que finda com o revestimento em betão projetado. Este desafio fez com que fosse necessária a deslocação às obras da empresa EPOS SA – Empresa Portuguesa de Obras Subterrâneas SA, que se encontravam a decorrer. Destas obras faziam parte diversos tipos de escavação nas quais estavam incluídas em algumas, a abertura de poços e/ou chaminés subterrâneas e o posterior tratamento com betão projetado, independentemente fosse este considerado revestimento provisório ou definitivo, consoante estava especificado no projeto da obra. Ao longo deste trabalho, iremos deparar‐nos com métodos distintos de abertura/alargamento de poços/chaminés subterrâneas, não influenciando isto de modo algum no objetivo final que é o da projeção dos mesmos com betão projetado. Ainda serão abordados, dois métodos de aplicação de betão projetado, o tradicional que é efetuado manualmente e o método alternativo que consiste na aplicação de betão projetado com robô, controlado remotamente ― “Shaft Lining”. O objetivo deste trabalho, além de efetuar uma divulgação do método em si, será evidenciar a nível de segurança, qual dos dois métodos utilizados na projeção de poços/chaminés subterrâneas, apresentará menores riscos para os trabalhadores; e fazer uma breve análise de custos do revestimento de poços/chaminés subterrâneas comparando o método tradicional vs. “Shaft Lining”. Desta forma poder-se‐á ter uma ideia, quando solicitado este tipo de trabalho, do impacto a nível económico bem como será o mais adequado na ótica dos domínios da SHST ― Segurança, Higiene e Saúde no Trabalho.
For the development of this work it was necessary to carry out a follow‐up on the work from the opening/widening of underground shafts and/or chimneys, until its final stage, which ends with the shotcrete. This challenge made it necessary to move on the works of the company EPOS SA – Empresa Portuguesa de Obras Subterrâneas SA, which were in progress. These works included several types of excavation in which they were included, the opening of underground shafts and/or chimneys and the subsequent treatment with shotcrete, regardless of whether it was considered temporary or definitive coating, depending on whether it was specified in the design of the work. Throughout this work, we will come across different methods of opening/widening of underground shafts and/or chimneys, not influencing this in anyway in the final goal of designing with shotcrete. Two methods of application of shotcrete will also be addressed, the traditional one that is done manually and the alternative method consisting of the application of concrete designed with a remotely controlled robot – "Shaft Lining". The objective of this work, in addition to making a disclosure of the method itself, will be to highlight the level of safety, which of the two methods used in the design of underground shafts and/or chimneys, will present lower risks for workers; and make a brief cost analysis of underground shafts and/or chimneys coating in comparation with the traditional method vs. "Shaft Lining". In this way you can get an idea, when asked for this type of work, of the economic impact as well as the most appropriate in the fields of SHST – Safety, Hygiene and Health at Work.
For the development of this work it was necessary to carry out a follow‐up on the work from the opening/widening of underground shafts and/or chimneys, until its final stage, which ends with the shotcrete. This challenge made it necessary to move on the works of the company EPOS SA – Empresa Portuguesa de Obras Subterrâneas SA, which were in progress. These works included several types of excavation in which they were included, the opening of underground shafts and/or chimneys and the subsequent treatment with shotcrete, regardless of whether it was considered temporary or definitive coating, depending on whether it was specified in the design of the work. Throughout this work, we will come across different methods of opening/widening of underground shafts and/or chimneys, not influencing this in anyway in the final goal of designing with shotcrete. Two methods of application of shotcrete will also be addressed, the traditional one that is done manually and the alternative method consisting of the application of concrete designed with a remotely controlled robot – "Shaft Lining". The objective of this work, in addition to making a disclosure of the method itself, will be to highlight the level of safety, which of the two methods used in the design of underground shafts and/or chimneys, will present lower risks for workers; and make a brief cost analysis of underground shafts and/or chimneys coating in comparation with the traditional method vs. "Shaft Lining". In this way you can get an idea, when asked for this type of work, of the economic impact as well as the most appropriate in the fields of SHST – Safety, Hygiene and Health at Work.
Description
Keywords
Maciço Rochoso Shaft Lining Betão Projetado Poços e Chaminés subterrâneas Rock Mass Shotcrete Underground Shafts and Chimneys